The main aim of the present study is to achieve optimum design of reinforced concrete (RC) plane moment frames using bat algorithm (BA) which is a newly developed meta-heuristic optimization algorithm based on the echolocation behaviour of bats. The objective function is the total cost of the frame and the design constraints are checked during the optimization process based on ACI 318-08 code. ...

Most of the research on seismic retrofit approaches focuses development innovative solutions with aim to improve performance existing buildings through either local or global strengthening. An effective alternative approach is controlling selective weakening specific portions structure, particularly reduce stiffness irregularities. The present a possible dealing transformation reinforced concre...

To study the residual lateral capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) columns after being subjected to static and horizontal impact action, tests a total sixteen RC were conducted. The variables considered in included shear-span ratio, weight velocity. experimental results, including force, deflection strain, as well cracking pattern failure mode, discussed. Compared with load–deflection curves un...

Abstract To avoid brittle collapse of reinforced concrete (RC) structures, RC elements such as beams, columns, and shear walls are invited to ensure a minimum level ductility. In this paper, an analytical method for predicting the curvature ductility factor confined columns is developed. The stress–strain model provided by Eurocode 2 adopted, effective lateral confining pressure calculated acco...