Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) is a medical imaging modality that produces 3-D cross-sectional images of tissues using several X-ray projections at different angles. Since its introduction in the 1970s, CT usage has been on the increase for both adults and pediatrics. A major challenge of this modality is the high doses of radiation exposure to patients, especially in p...

Introduction: Polymer gel dosimeters contain chemical materials sensitive to the radiation which are polymerized by the radiation as a function of absorbed dose. So information of spatial dose distribution can be extracted by imaging from irradiated gel. Among imaging techniques, computed tomography (CT) poses as an attractive method because of practical advantages such as acce...

background: the purpose of this study was to find the accurate absorbed dose in the femur bone marrow during the x-ray radiography for constant mas and aec techniques. materials and methods: the dosxyznrc was used to simulate radiation doses in two human femurs during diagnostic radiography. egsnrc phantoms produced from actual ct images of human femurs were modified by adding seven micrometre ...

Background: X-ray computed tomography (CT) examinations deliver a significant amount of radiation doses to patients comparing to conventional radiography examinations. The objective of the current study was to analyze and investigate the average patient received dose from axial and spiral CT exams in a medical imaging center. Material and Methods: In this study, the patient imaging tec...

The aim of this study was to evaluate adult patient doses in Russia in the context of patient protection. Effective doses from x-ray and nuclear medicine examinations were assessed using two approaches. The first was based on data collection performed by the authors in hospitals in St. Petersburg and other 17 Russian regions. The second approach was to assess mean doses through the collective d...

Introduction: The basis of image formation in Computed Tomography (CT) lies in the x-ray linear attenuation coefficient of the scanned material. Compton scattering and photoelectric effect are the dominant interactions of the x-ray photons with the subject, in the range of diagnostic radiology. These two coefficients are important in tissue characterization by Dual-Energy CT (D...

PURPOSE Lung cancer screening with CT has been recently recommended for decreasing lung cancer mortality. The radiation dose of CT, however, must be kept as low as reasonably achievable for reducing potential stochastic risks from ionizing radiation. The purpose of this study was to calculate individual patients' lung doses and to estimate cancer risks in low-dose CT (LDCT) in comparison with a...