A total of 519 wild animals belonging to eleven species were collected during a two year study in a cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic area in Venezuela (La Matica, Lara State). The animals were captured in home-made Tomahawk-like traps baited with maize, bananas or other available local fruits, and parasites were isolated from 27 specimens. Two different species were found naturally infected with...

genus rattus from the subfamily murinae has a wide geographical distribution throughout the world. three species of this genus have been reported in iran so far. they are norway or brown rat (rattus norvegicus), black rat (rattus rattus), and himalayan rat (rattus pyctoris). in order to verify the possibility of using electrophoretic patterns of special proteins, in biosystematic analysis of th...

We have reviewed published anthraquinone applications for international pest management and agricultural crop protection from 1943 to 2016. Anthraquinone (AQ) is commonly found in dyes, pigments and many plants and organisms. Avian repellent research with AQ began in the 1940s. In the context of pest management, AQ is currently used as a chemical repellent, perch deterrent, insecticide and feed...

We postulate that the large difference in infection prevalence, 24% versus 5%, in R. norvegicus and R. rattus, respectively, between these two co-occurring host species may be due to differences in ectoparasite and potential vector infestation rates. A compartmental model, representative of an infectious system containing these two Rattus species and two ectoparasite vectors, was constructed an...

The prevalence of antibodies against Seoul virus was investigated in 655 wild rats (Rattus norvegicus, R. rattus, R. rattus diardii, R. exulans, R. tiomanicus) captured in seven port areas of Indonesia. Twenty-four of 238 R. norvegicus, one of 142 R. rattus and one of 102 R. exulans from two port areas had the antibodies against Seoul virus.

background leptospirosis is an important zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic leptospira which can infect both humans and animals. this disease is caused by various serovars of leptospira interrogans sensu lato infection. rats are known to be one of the most important reservoirs and transmission sources of leptospirosis. however, the status of leptospirosis in wild rats has been unknown in man...

A survey was conducted to identify reservoirs for urban leptospirosis in the city of Salvador, Brazil. Sampling protocols were performed in the vicinity of households of severe leptospirosis cases identified during active hospital-based surveillance. Among a total of 142 captured Rattus norvegicus (Norwegian brown rat), 80.3% had a positive culture isolate from urine or kidney specimens and 68....

Urban rats (Rattus spp.) are among the most ubiquitous pest species in the world. Previous research has shown that rat abundance is largely determined by features of the environment; however, the specific urban environmental factors that influence rat population density within cities have yet to be clearly identified. Additionally, there are no well described tools or methodologies for conducti...

Human plague remains a public health concern in Tanzania despite its quiescence in most foci for years, considering the recurrence nature of the disease. Despite the long-standing history of this problem, there have not been recent reviews of the current knowledge on plague in Tanzania. This work aimed at providing a current overview of plague in Tanzania in terms of its introduction, potential...