In this paper we present a newmeasure to investigate the functional structure of financial markets, the Sector Dominance Ratio (SDR). We study the information embedded in raw and partial correlations using random matrix theory (RMT) and examine the evolution of economic sectoral makeup on a yearly and monthly basis for four stock markets, those of the US, UK, Germany and Japan, during the perio...

Output factor (Scp) is one of the important factors required to calculate monitor unit (MU), and is divided into two components: phantom scatter factor (Sp) and in-air output ratio (Sc). Generally, Sc for arbitrary fields are calculated using several methods based on Sc determined by the absorbed dose measurement for several square fields. However, there are calculation errors when the treatmen...

Density ratio estimation has gathered a great deal of attention recently since it can be used for various data processing tasks. In this paper, we consider three methods of density ratio estimation: (A) the numerator and denominator densities are separately estimated and then the ratio of the estimated densities is computed, (B) a logistic regression classifier discriminating denominator sample...

Abstract Let W (A) denote the field of values (numerical range) of a matrix A. For any polynomial p and matrix A, define the Crouzeix ratio to have numerator max {|p(ζ)| : ζ ∈ W (A)} and denominator ‖p(A)‖2. M. Crouzeix’s 2004 conjecture postulates that the globally minimal value of the Crouzeix ratio is 1/2, over all polynomials p of any degree and matrices A of any order. We derive the subdif...