Researchers and biotechnologists require methods to accurately modify the genome of higher eukaryotic cells. Such modifications include, but are not limited to, site-specific mutagenesis, site-specific insertion of foreign DNA, and replacement and deletion of native sequences. Accurate genome modifications in plant species have been rather limited, with only a handful of plant species and genes...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are expected to be one of the key drivers determining the diversity of natural plant communities, especially in nutrient-poor and dry habitats. Several previous studies have explored the importance of AMF for the composition of plant communities in various types of habitats. Surprisingly, studies of the role of AMF in nutrient-poor dry grassland communities do...

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Landscape heterogeneity in floral communities has the potential to modify pollinator behavior. Pollinator foraging varies with the diversity, abundance, and spatial configuration of floral resources. However, the implications of this variation for pollen transfer and ultimately the reproductive success of insect pollinated plants remains unclear, especially for species which are rare or isolate...

In reviewing of Poaceae family specimens in "IRAN" Herbarium, Urochloa panicoides belonging to Paniceae tribe and Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vign.-Lut. ex Janchen subsp. starosselskyi (Grossh.) Tzvelev to Eragrostideae tribe are reported as new to Iran. The first taxon is a corn field weed in Fars province and the second is rare plant from W. Azerbaijan province.

The special significance of medicinal plants in conservation stems from the major cultural, livelihood or economic roles that they play in many people’s lives. Uses of Medicinal Plants as a traditional medicine are followed by around 80% peoples in the world. This is nowhere more so than in those remoter parts of the world where cultural and biological diversity tend to be most concentrated, an...

During the study on newly collected and herbarium specimens belonging to the genus Euphorbia, three species, namely, E. gorenfloti, E. cheirolepioides and E. splendida were found to be synonymous with E. chamaepeplus, E. grossheimii and E. decipiens, respectively. Euphorbia sahendi as an interesting and rare species has been recognized after long time again among my material and Euphorbia delto...

Plants from a population of Scabiosa canescens, a locally rare species with a narrow ecological amplitude, were raised under uniform growth conditions to examine the phenotypic effects of one generation selfing and outcrossing. Particular attention was given to direct components of fitness (seedling biomass, rosette leaf number, head number, flower number per head), but two morphological charac...

The conditions required by rare species are often only approximately known. Monitoring such species over time can help refine management of their protected areas. We report population trends of a rare moth, the Dark Bordered Beauty Epione vespertaria (Linnaeus, 1767) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) at its last known English site on a protected lowland heath, and those of its host-plant, Salix repens...

It has long been observed that rare earth elements (REEs) regulate multiple facets of plant growth and development. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, using electron microscopic autoradiography, we show the life cycle of a light REE (lanthanum) and a heavy REE (terbium) in horseradish leaf cells. Our data indicate that REEs were first anchored on the plasma membran...