The primary goal in designing a randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) is to minimize bias in the estimate of treatment effect. Randomized group assignment, double-blinded assessments, and control or comparison groups reduce the risk of bias. The design must also provide sufficient statistical power to detect a clinically meaningful treatment effect and maintain a nominal level of type I er...

The randomized clinical trial (RCT) is generally accepted as the best method of comparing effects of therapies. Most often the aim of an RCT is to show that a new therapy is superior to an established therapy or placebo, i.e. they are planned and performed as superiority trials. Sometimes the aim of an RCT is just to show that a new therapy is not superior but equivalent to or not inferior to a...

Events of the past decade or so argue that there is little support in the literature for much of the specialty's treatment portfolio. The resulting call for 'evidence-based' treatment (not to mention the obvious intellectual bankruptcy of much of the clinical literature) has prompted many to argue that the randomized clinical trial (RCT) represents the future of orthodontic clinical investigati...

Background & Objective: People with Illness Anxiety Disorder experience excessive worry and in this regard, they have a lot in common with Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Emotion Regulation Therapy (ERT) is a multifaceted and integrated treatment that is widely used for Generalized Anxiety Disorder and its effectiveness in anxious factors has been established in many studies. The aim of the pres...

Cervicogenic headache (CEH) is a secondary headache which affects 1.0-4.6 % of the population. Although the costs are unknown, the health consequences are substantial for the individual; especially considering that they often suffers chronicity. Pharmacological management has no or only minor effect on CEH. Thus, we aim to assess the efficacy of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy (CSMT) f...