because of superficial location and not being covered by boney structure, thyroid is the ideal organ for 2-dimensional gray scale ultrasonography. availability of relatively low cost equipment and ever increasing number of endocrinologists with expertise in thyroid ultrasound has made it an integral part of thyroid practice in the office of endocrinologists. in particular, the current recommend...

objectives this report describes the indication, histopathological patterns, and epidemiology of renal diseases in children in india. patients and methods this is a single-center study on renal biopsies performed between january 2008 and december 2013 in 346 children (age ≤ 14 years). results eleven (3.17%) biopsies were inadequate, and 335 biopsies were considered for analysis. the mean age wa...

diagnosis of bone tumors is based on careful evaluation of clinical, imaging and a pathologic findings. so the biopsy of bone and soft tissue sarcomas is the final step in evaluation and a fundamental step in the diagnosis of the lesion. it should not be performed as a shortcut to diagnosis (1). the biopsy should be performed in order to confirm the diagnosis and differentiate among few diagnos...

conclusion pair therapy is an effective minimally invasive treatment for gharbi type i-iii hepatic hydatid cysts. it is a cost effective and safe procedure with significant reduction in the duration of hospital stay. results ten patients (66.7%) had gharbi type i cysts, two (13.3%) had type ii and three (20%) had type iii cysts. all the patients (100%) showed reduction in cyst size over a 3-6 m...

conclusions patients with chronic hepatitis c and with a ciscun ≤ 1 had a very low rate of cirrhosis while those with a ciscun = 4 had a high risk of cirrhosis. patients with ciscun = 2 or 3 had an intermediate rate of cirrhosis, and therefore needed to perform a liver biopsy to receive a reliable diagnosis. results we enrolled 249 patients who had complete laboratoristic data, and sufficient l...

background: acute leukemias are characterized by neoplastic proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and accumulation of blasts and immature cells in the bone marrow. we applied a selective panel of immunohistochemical markers on bone marrow trephine tissue sections and observed their utility in diagnosis and typing of acute leukemia. materials and methods: the study was done at psg institute ...

background and objectives: there are a few studies on histopathologic type of oral lesions especially from iran. the aim of this study was to survey the oral lesions in babol, northern iran. methods: the histopathology records were retrospectively reviewed for all lesions of oral cavity and jaws, during the years 1990 to 2009. the data were collected from the archive of pathology and analyzed ...

conclusions although the presence of pni in prostate biopsy is accompanied by higher surgical stages, pni is not an appropriate independent factor in risk stratification. patients and methods this cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of 109 patients who attended a tertiary health care center from 2008 to 2013. the selection criteria were pni in prostate biopsy with gleason scores ...

Since sturgeons have no external sexual dimorphism and there are no external markers to determine sex, internal examination of the gonads should be used to sex identification. The present study describes the biopsy method and histological observations of the gonads of great sturgeon (Huso huso) in both sexes at different age classes. Sex and maturity stages of 226 great sturgeons were identifie...