Biologists have long been fascinated by the exceptionally high diversity displayed by some evolutionary groups (e.g.,Darwin’s finches, Anolis lizards, cichlid fishes of the African Great Lakes). Adaptive radiation in such clades is not onlyspectacular, but is also an extremely complex process influenced by a variety of ecological, genetic, and developmentalfactors and strongly depen...

Radiation burns account for the vast majority of damage by accidental radiation exposure. They are characterized by successive and unpredictable inflammatory bursts that are preceded by a clinically latent postirradiation period. Diagnosis and prognosis of the clinical course of radiation burns have proven to be a difficult task. In a classical clinical setting, no technique can distinguish irr...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship among sick leave benefits, employment patterns, individual characteristics, and fatigue in patients receiving radiation therapy. DESIGN Prospective, longitudinal design. SETTING A community hospital radiation oncology department. SAMPLE 77 patients receiving radiation therapy to the breast, chest, head and neck, pelvis, or prostate. All were ...

Acoustic radiation forces associated with high intensity focused ultrasound stimulate shear wave propagation allowing shear wave speed and shear viscosity estimation of tissue structures. As wave speeds are meters per second, real time displacement tracking over an extend field-of-view using ultrasound is problematic due to very high frame rate requirements. However, two spatially separated dyn...

In order to improve measurement efficiency in electromagnetic test facilities (compact range or near-field range), testing probes are required to have ultra-wideband (UWB) radiation characteristics, dual-polarization capability, and interchangeable Eand H-plane farfield patterns. In this context, we propose a new type of UWB antenna that satisfies these requirements in the frequency range of 4 ...

Many researchers made an attempt on Beam shaping of antennas useful for different applications in surveillance and tracking radars. In the present work, synthesis of line source and linear antenna array with uniform current amplitudes and weight functions is discussed. An iterative sampling method approach is being considered for implementation. In an iterative method, original radiation patter...

Antennas are vital elements in any wireless communication systems. Radiation pattern is an important characteristic of an antenna. Radiation pattern of a single antenna element is fixed. Required radiation patterns can be generated from array of antennas. Different pattern synthesis techniques are reported in the literature. Generated patterns from selected pattern synthesis techniques can furt...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Proton radiotherapy has been increasingly utilized to treat pediatric brain tumors, however, limited information exists regarding radiation necrosis among these patients. Our aim was to evaluate the incidence, timing, clinical significance, risk factors, and imaging patterns of radiation necrosis in pediatric patients with brain tumors treated with proton radiation therap...

In this article, the design of asymmetric bimorph piezoelectric ceramic transducer with loose and fixed edges and with parallel electric excitation is studied. Rectangular piezoelectric ceramic transducers in flexural vibration with straight and parallel nodal lines of vibration are studied. The transducer’s radiation in a plane perpendicular to the surface of the transducer and parallel to the...

BACKGROUND The patterns of radical radiation therapy for prostate cancer are unclear in Japan. A Patterns of Care Study was performed throughout Japan to examine the patterns of radiation therapy for prostate cancer. METHODS From 1999 to 2000, extramural audits were performed on 50 randomly selected institutions (approximately 7% of all institutions in Japan). Detailed information was collect...