Kaushal N, Ramesh V, Gozal D. Human apolipoprotein E4 targeted replacement in mice reveals increased susceptibility to sleep disruption and intermittent hypoxia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 303: R19–R29, 2012. First published May 9, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00025.2012.—Intermittent hypoxia (IH) and sleep fragmentation (SF) are major manifestations of sleep apnea, a frequent conditio...

The search for new antibiotics continues in a rather overlooked hunting ground. In the course of screening for new antibiotic-producing microorganisms, isolates showing antimicrobial activity were isolated from waste soil samples from various habitats in the Industrial Areas in Dheradun, Uttarakhand, India. Existing methods of screening for antibiotic producers together with some novel procedur...

Sir, Thirdand fourth-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems are ‘critically important’ antimicrobials as classified by the WHO (www.who.int). In fact, carbapenems are last-line clinical antibiotics against infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. In contrast to cephalosporins, carbapenems are not hydrolysed by most b-lactamases, including AmpC b-lactamases and extende...

The HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein (NC) is a small basic protein containing two zinc fingers (ZF) separated by a short linker. It is involved in several steps of the replication cycle and acts as a nucleic acid chaperone protein in facilitating nucleic acid strand transfers occurring during reverse transcription. Recent analysis of three-dimensional structures of NC-nucleic acids complexes establis...

Cationic antimicrobial peptides are recognized templates for developing a new generation of antimicrobials to combat superbugs. Human cathelicidin LL-37 is an essential host defense molecule in human innate immunity. Previously, we identified KR-12 as the smallest antibacterial peptide of LL-37. KR-12 has a narrow activity spectrum since it is active against Gram-negative Escherichia coli but n...

Neumann, Inga D., Luz Torner, Nicola Toschi, and Alexa H. Veenema. Oxytocin actions within the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei: differential effects on peripheral and intranuclear vasopressin release. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 291: R29–R36, 2006. First published January 19, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00763.2005.—In response to forced swimming (FS), AVP is released somato-dendr...

MacPherson REK, Herbst EAF, Reynolds EJ, Vandenboom R, Roy BD, Peters SJ. Subcellular localization of skeletal muscle lipid droplets and PLIN family proteins OXPAT and ADRP at rest and following contraction in rat soleus muscle. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 302: R29–R36, 2012. First published October 19, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00163.2011.—Skeletal muscle lipid droplet-associated pr...