Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is undoubtedly one of the serious and growing public health challenges in the world today. There is an unmet need for new and effective preventative and therapeutic treatment approaches for AD, particularly at early stages of the disease. However, the underlying mechanism against Aβ-induced electrophysiological alteration in cultured hippocampal pyramidal neurons  is st...

In the hippocampus, cell assemblies forming mnemonic representations of space are thought to arise as a result of changes in functional connections of pyramidal cells. We have found that CA1 interneuron circuits are also reconfigured during goal-oriented spatial learning through modification of inputs from pyramidal cells. As learning progressed, new pyramidal assemblies expressed in theta cycl...

GABAergic interneurons in the hippocampus express high levels of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, but because of the diverse roles played by hippocampal interneurons, the impact of activation of these receptors on hippocampal output neurons (i.e., CA1 pyramidal cells) is unclear. Activation of hippocampal interneurons could directly inhibit pyramidal neuron activity but could also prod...

Tetanic stimulation of the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices can induce gamma frequency population oscillations (30-100 Hz) after a latency of 50-150 msec that are synchronized to within 1-2 msec when simultaneous stimuli are delivered to two sites 2 mm or more apart. When tetanic stimuli, twice-threshold for eliciting gamma oscillations, are used, new phenomena occur. (1) After a period of ...

The most ubiquitous neuron in the cerebral cortex, the pyramidal cell, is characterized by markedly different dendritic structure among different cortical areas. The complex pyramidal cell phenotype in granular prefrontal cortex (gPFC) of higher primates endows specific biophysical properties and patterns of connectivity, which differ from those in other cortical regions. However, within the gP...

1. We compared gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated responses of identified pyramidal cells and fast spiking interneurons in layer V of visual cortical slices from young rats (P11-14). 2. The frequency of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) was similar in pyramidal cells and interneurons (1.7 vs. 1.9 Hz). For events with 10-90% rise times less than 0.9 ms, no significant di...

Cortical circuits consist of two major types of neurons: the excitatory pyramidal cells and the inhibitory interneurons. While pyramidal cells mostly do not differ from each other in their morphological and physiological features, interneurons show diversity of great extent. The different interneuron populations can be described with distinct morphology and in accordance with this with distinct...

objective: resveratrol, a phytoalexin, has a wide range of desirable biological actions. despite a growing body of evidence indicating that resveratrol induces changes in neuronal function, little effort, if any, has been made to investigate the cellular effect of resveratrol treatment on intrinsic neuronal properties. materials and methods: this experimental study was performed to examine the ...