abstract this study was mainly conducted due to importance of plant manna and their production process regarding pharmaceutical use. therefore, the behaviourial characteristics of spittlebug poophilus nebulosus leth on alhagi persarum boiss & buhse camel thron plant in torbate jam region, khorasan razavi state were assessed during 2006 and 2007. the bug’s discharge after feeding on the camel th...

OBJECTIVES Rates of suboptimal bowel preparation up to 30% have been reported. Liberalized precolonoscopy diet, split dose purgative, and the use of MiraLAX-based bowel preparation (MBBP) prior to colonoscopy are recently developed measures to improve bowel preparation quality but little is known about the utilization prevalence of these measures. We examined the patterns of utilization of thes...

In this paper, we investigate the 2-adic valuation of the Stirling numbers S(n, k) of the second kind. We show that v2(S(2n + 1, k + 1)) = s2(n) − 1 for any positive integer n, where s2(n) is the sum of binary digits of n. This confirms a conjecture of Amdeberhan, Manna and Moll. We show also that v2(S(4i, 5)) = v2(S(4i + 3, 5)) if and only if i 6≡ 7 (mod 32). This proves another conjecture of ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of antipyretic and purgative herbs on intestinal mucosal barrier and inflammatory response in the treatment of acute cholangitis. METHODS Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into group A (untreated group, acute cholangitis was induced, n=20), group B (treatment group, acute cholangitis was induced and treated with antipyretic and purgative herbs, n=20) and...

LexLeader, a state of the art static symmetry breaking method, adds a lex ordering constraint for each variable symmetry of the problem to select the lexicographically least solution. In practice, the same method can also be used for partial symmetry breaking by breaking only a given subset of symmetries. We propose a new total ordering, reflex, as basis of a new symmetry breaking constraint th...