BACKGROUND AND AIMS Leaf mechanical properties, which are important to protect leaves against physical stresses, are thought to change with light and nutrient availabilities. This study aims to understand phenotypic changes of leaf mechanical properties with respect to dry mass allocation and anatomy. METHODS Leaf lamina strength (maximum force per unit area to fracture), toughness (work to f...

Shave and punch biopsies are essential procedures for physicians who manage skin conditions. These office-based procedures can diagnose questionable dermatologic lesions, including possible malignancies. Approaches include the superficial shave biopsy, saucerization excision, punch biopsy, and elliptical excision. A superficial shave biopsy can be used for raised lesions. A saucerization biopsy...

Small volume fluid handling in single and multiphase microfluidics provides a promising strategy for efficient bio-chemical assays, low-cost point-of-care diagnostics and new approaches to scientific discoveries. However multiple barriers exist towards low-cost field deployment of programmable microfluidics. Incorporating multiple pumps, mixers and discrete valve based control of nanoliter flui...

The output from a Coulter model S is captured by a specially designed silent interface which visualizes the results, automatically prints the data on a continuous paper roll and transmits the information to a card punch located in a data processing room. Further requested test data and patient identification data are subsequently added manually to the punch card. The completed deck of cards is ...

Abstract Dealing with large-scale application of semiconductor detectors, one of the keystones is to ensure the robustness and long-term electrical stability. A phenomenon that can compromise the performance of a system based on these detectors is the dependence of the punch-through effect on the environmental conditions. In this paper we investigated the influence of humidity on the punch-thro...

During the 1640s, the Irish Franciscan theologian John Punch taught his theology students in Rome that war against Protestants was made just by their religion alone. Jesuits like Luis de Molina identified the holy war tradition in which Punch stood as a Scotist one, and insisted that the Scotists had confused the natural and supernatural spheres. Among Irishmen, Punch was unusual. The main Iris...

Operation of the gate-controlled punch through transistor is demonstrated in this paper. The characteristics of the device are simulated using SILVACO atlas device simulator. This device shows high voltage, high operation frequency, and low noise properties. This punch through device can be used in high power control circuit, and also can be used for fast analog circuits for multiplication, squ...