Background: Cytochrome c oxidase reduces O2 coupled with proton-pumping. Results: A newly developed time-resolved infrared system reveals transient conformational changes in the proton-pumping pathway upon CO-binding to CuB in the O2 reduction site. Conclusion: CuB promotes proton collection and effective blockage of back-leak of pumping-protons. Significance: These critical findings in Bioener...

Water pumping using AC motors has become one of the most feasible photovoltaic (PV) applications. Moreover, PV pumping is getting more attention in recent days mainly in remote areas where connection to the grid is technically not possible. Power generation by Photovoltaic is reliable. The operation and maintenance costs are low. The induction motor is more rugged, and maintenance-free motor. I...

This research develops an optimal planning model for pump-treatinject based groundwater remediation systems. Optimizing the design of the pump-treat-inject system is a nonlinear, dynamic and discrete optimization problem. This study integrates the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Dynamic Programming (DDP) to solve this highly complex problem. The proposed model considers both the cost of...

This paper deals with a theoretical investigation of heat and mass transfer with thermal radiation analysis on hydromagnetic peristaltic Prandtl fluid model with porous medium through an asymmetric tapered vertical channel under the influence of gravity field. Analytical results are found for the velocity, pressure gradient, pressure rise, frictional force, temperature and concentration. The in...

Existing practice of solar water pumping in multi-floored buildings employs Top Floor Storage Method. In this method, considerable amount of water is pumped to unnecessary heights, resulting in energy wastage. Present paper discusses a novel scheme “Individual Floor Storage Method” for solar pumping. Here water is pumped to the required optimum heights thus avoiding wastage of energy. This resu...

This work aims to develop an accurate energy management strategy for a hybrid renewable energy system feeding a pumping station. A developed model under Simulink environment is used to compare the performance of the pumping system when it is only fed by a photovoltaic generator, by a hybrid photovoltaic and fuel cell system and finally by a hybrid photovoltaic, fuel cell and a supercapacitor sy...

The development of biochips is a major thrust of the rapidly growing biotechnology industry. Research on biomedical or biochemical analysis miniaturization and integration has made explosive progress by using biochips recently. For example, capillary electrophoresis (CE), sample preconcentration, genomic DNA extraction, and DNA hybridization have been successfully miniaturized and operated in a...

pressurized irrigation is a recent development that consumes more energy for the pressure produced. in thisstudy, energy consumption, waste and efficiency were investigated at a diesel and electrical sprinklerirrigation pumping plant in some fields in hamadan province during 2007-8. nebraska performance criteria(npc) were used to compare sprinkler irrigation pumping plant performance. the resul...

In complex hydrogeological environments the effective management of groundwater quality problems by pump-and-treat operations can be most confidently achieved if the mixing dynamics induced within the aquifer by pumping are well understood. The utility of isotopic environmental tracers (C-, H-, O-, S-stable isotopic analyses and age indicators-(14) C, (3) H) for this purpose is illustrated by t...

The aim of this paper is presentation of an approach for modeling , control and optimization of a photovoltaic pumping system which contains a PV generator , DC-DC boost converter, MPPT controller, DC-AC inverter and a BLDC motor. We use an intelligent control method for searching the maximum power point (MPP). This method uses a fuzzy logic controller applied to a drive a DC–DC converter to an...