The objective of theoretical, computational and experimental studies outlined in this lecture note was to evaluate the design principles and propulsion performance of prospective air-breathing engines operating on pulse detonations of realistic hydrocarbon fuels with a realistic technique of detonation initiation via deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT). 1.0 INTRODUCTION Activities in th...

Plasma technologies are a promising way of addressing number challenges in combustion, ranging from stabilization and flame-holding for hypersonic vehicles, to enabling low-emissions propulsion power. Whereas most works the literature have centered on forward problem: impact plasma different combustion metrics, including static dynamic flame stabilization; fewer studies been devoted backward or...

In this study, the effects of nanosecond plasma discharges on combustion characteristics ammonia are investigated over a wide range mixture properties and settings. The results reveal that impacts change non-monotonically by altering reduced electric field value. Within studied field, i.e., 100–700 Td, it is shown most effective in medium range, e.g., 250–400 Td. At lower values, main fraction ...

Laser ignition is considered to be one of the most promising future ignition concepts for internal combustion engines. It combines the legally required reduction of pollutant emissions and higher engine efficiencies. The igniting plasma is generated by a focussed pulsed laser beam. Having pulse durations of a few nanoseconds, the pulse energy Ep for reliable ignition amounts to the order of 10 ...

A method for simultaneous ro-vibrational and pure-rotational hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (fs/ps CARS) is presented for multi-species detection and improved temperature sensitivity from room temperature to flame conditions. N₂/CH₄ vibrational and N₂/O₂/H₂ rotational Raman coherences are excited simultaneously using fs pump pulses at 660 and 798 nm, respect...

Clutches have been used in internal combustion vehicles and concentrated electric vehicles (EVs) to smoothen impulsion while starting and shifting. This paper proposes a permanent magnet bi-stable electromagnetic clutch unit (PMBECU) which is specially introduced into in-wheel EVs to make the rigid connection between hub and wheel more flexible. Firstly, the operation principle of the PMBECU is...