The pathogenesis of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is not known. The diagnosis of PVOD frequently relies on its histological changes since it is often difficult to distinguish clinically from primary pulmonary hypertension. This study carried out a systematic analysis of the pulmonary venous and arterial remodelling that occurs in PVOD (n=5) and compared these changes to two other dise...

A78-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of worsening dyspnea, orthopnea, and cough with hemoptysis. Her past medical history was significant for hypertension and severe mitral regurgitation for which she had undergone mitral valve repair 3 years previously. In addition, she had recurrent atrial tachycardia requiring 2 radiofrequency ablations, which included ablation of several left...

A man aged 29 was first seen at the age of 11, when he was found to have a congenital anomaly of the pulmonary veins which follow an abnormal course to the hilum. On the left side, two large veins descend peripherally before turning medially towards the left atrium; on the right, several smaller veins follow a similar circuitous route from the periphery, before uniting into two main veins which...

Catheter ablation is an evolving treatment option in patients with atrial fibrillation. Contrast enhanced electrocardiogram-gated multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) has rapidly evolved over the past few years into an important tool in the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis. There is increasing recognition that MDCT is a useful tool to evaluate non-coronary structures, such as cardiac ...

Radiofrequency catheter ablation of ectopic foci that trigger atrial fibrillation has been established as a curative method for patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Although the majority of these foci are located in and around the pulmonary veins, other less common locations have been identified. Recognition that foci can lie outside the pulmonary veins is important for ens...

Methods Form our CMR database we identified all patients with previous Glenn or Fontan intervention who underwent a targeted CMR studies from May 2005 to September 2014. QAPCs was calculated using through-plane phase-contrast as QAPCs = (left pulmonary veins flow + right pulmonary veins flow) (right pulmonary artery flow + left pulmonary artery flow). Values were normalized to body surface area...

In pulmonary vein isolation as a treatment for atrial fibrillation the proximal part of the pulmonary veins is catheterized. A protocol for preinterventional assessment of pulmonary vein anatomy was developed, based on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in combination with three-dimensional visualization to tailor periprocedural angiography. The results allow for assessment ...