Segmental ostial ablation to electrically isolate pulmonary veins has been performed for atrial fibrillation. Left atrial flutter that utilized a critical isthmus adjacent to the ostium of the left superior pulmonary vein was diagnosed and successfully ablated in a patient 3 months after a successful pulmonary vein isolation procedure. Documenting the cause of symptoms after pulmonary vein isol...

We herein report a rare surgical case of the right middle lobe vein draining into the inferior pulmonary vein. The anatomical abnormalities in pulmonary veins can have a serious impact on complications during pulmonary surgery. Surgeons must be aware of any variation in the pulmonary vessels, and preoperative assessment of pulmonary venous anomalies is important during pulmonary surgery.

AIMS Pulmonary vein ablation offers the potential to cure patients with atrial fibrillation. In this study, we investigated the incidence of pulmonary vein stenosis after radiofrequency catheter ablation of refractory atrial fibrillation by systematic long-term follow-up. METHODS AND RESULTS Forty-seven patients with refractory and highly symptomatic atrial fibrillation underwent radiofrequen...

primary leiomyosarcoma of the heart is extremely rare and found in about 0.2% of all cardiac tumors. here in a 26-year-old man with progressive dyspnea, which had started since 2 months ago, is presented. echocardiography revealed a left atrial mass, which was suggestive for a atrial myxoma.on the surgery, a tumoral tissue in the left atrium and pulmonary veins with attachment to peripheral sof...

Introduction Almost 90% of triggers for atrial fibrillation (AF) are believed to originate from the pulmonary veins, and pulmonary vein isolation is the mainstay of therapy for patients with paroxysmal AF. Patients who demonstrate recurrent AF despite pulmonary vein isolation highlight the challenge and need of identifying non–pulmonary vein triggers. Reproducibility and inherent risk of the lo...

The pulmonary vein contains a myocardial layer extending from the left atrium, which is receiving attention as the source of ectopic electrical activity underlying atrial fibrillation. Electrophysiological and pharmacological analysis of the pulmonary vein myocardium performed in various experimental animal species have revealed characteristics such as presence of intracellular Ca(2+) oscillati...

An 80-year old woman presented with an abnormal shadow at superior segmental 6 (S6). Chest X-ray and computed tomography (Fig. 1A and B) were performed. She underwent a video-assisted S segmentectomy. An anomalous pulmonary vein, the aberrant V behind the bronchus intermedius, was identified and branched off into the subsegmental pulmonary vein Va (Fig. 2). Vb and Vc were from the inferior pulm...

Aneurysm of a pulmonary vein is a rare vascular anomaly that is usually discovered incidentally as a pulmonary nodule or mediastinal mass. Most patients do not have any symptoms but some patients can present with dyspnea, hemoptysis, or cerebral thromboembolism. Proper diagnosis is crucial as to avoid unnecessary testing or surgical procedures. We highlight a case of an asymptomatic 59-year-old...

Faulty incorporation of the common pulmonary vein leaves it as a distinct structure posteriorly, into which the pulmonary veins empty. This "chamber" is separated from the anterior "fetal" left atrium (containing the left atrial appendage and communicating with the mitral valve) by a diaphragm, and is known as cor triatriatum, one of the rarest of cardiac malformations. Less pronounced but stil...