one of the most important issues in today&rsquos; urban world is increasing use of cars and its noise pollution, which is now one of the most important affecting pollutants on health and quality of lives of residents in urban areas. noise pollution effects on various aspects of human and the community health as well as the high cost of treatment, thus more studies in this field is needed. hence...

background many countries conduct health impact assessment (hia) of their projects and policies to predict their positive and negative health impacts. in recent years many guides have been developed to inform hia practice, largely reflecting local developments in hia. these guides have often been designed for specific contexts and specific need, making the choice between guides difficult. the o...

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We present the history of Minamata disease in a chronological order from the public health point of view. Because the appropriate public health response - to investigate and control the outbreak - as set out in the Food Sanitation Act was not conducted, no one knew how many became ill following the outbreak. Exposure could not be stopped. In our discussion, we offer two reasons as to why the Ja...

introduction: many studies have focused on the need of health systems to educated physicians in the clinical prevention, research methodology, epidemiology and health care management and emphasize the important role of this training in the public health promotion. on this basis, shiraz university of medical sciences (sums) has established md/mph dual degree program since the year 2012. methods:...

in his insightful editorial, nir eyal explores the connections between nudging and shaming. one upshot of his argument is that we should question the principle of the least restrictive alternative in public health and health policy. in this commentary, i maintain that eyal’s argument undermines only a rather implausible version of the principle of the least restrictive alternative and i sketch ...

martin powell suggests that the death of the english national health service (nhs) has been announced so many times we are at risk of not noticing should it actually happen. he is right. if we ‘cry wolf’ too many times, we risk losing sight of what is important about the nhs and why.