BACKGROUND Global health diplomacy (GHD) is a burgeoning field bridging the priorities of global health and foreign affairs. Given the increasing need to mobilize disparate global health stakeholders coupled with the need to design complex public health partnerships to tackle issues of international concern, effective and timely cooperation among state actors is critical. Health Attachés repres...

Since the introduction of term public diplomacy (PD), PD literature has evolved and expanded in different directions, multiplying research conducted on actors, programs, publics, networks, tools, purposes. Focusing our discussion purpose diplomacy, potential mission-driven model called “The Golden Circle Public Diplomacy” by Cabrera Cuadrado (J Diplomacy 2:2, 2022) is used to analyze WHY Spain’...

This paper addresses the general problems encountered in an analysis of EU diplomacy, and specifically the emergence of the EU ‘diplomatic system’. The first part of the paper reviews the literature on the changing nature of diplomacy, identifying issues relating to boundaries, capacity and legitimacy and paying particular attention to multi-level and multi-stakeholder diplomacy. This review th...