The idea of so-called “Participatory Budgeting” (PB) has recently re-entered the modern political discourse. Major metropoles, such as New York, are making progress beyond mere piloting by paving road for mandatory PB with new legislation, while communities various sizes and politicians ranks all around world aim to follow suit in an attempt maintain image democratic progress. This paper shall ...

Although the theory of soft budget constraints is widely presented in literature, little known about factors public hospitals Poland. This study relevant because many Polish struggle with serious debt problems. The aims to systematise regulatory and legal provision restrictions activities healthcare institutions, particularly Poland, assess impact these on their further functioning. An analysis...

Background Public district hospitals (PDHs) in Tunisia are not operating at full plant capacity and underutilize their operating budget.   Methods Individual PDHs capacity utilization (CU) is measured for 2000 and 2010 using dual data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach with shadow prices input and output restrictions. The CU is estimated for 101 of 105 PDH in 2000 and 94 of 105 PDH in 2010.   ...

This paper considers collective bargaining in a public sector institutional setting. The model demonstrates how budget constraints and hierarchical structure affect the bargaining outcome. A trade union bargains over wage and employment either with an output-maximizing bureau or the bureau’s sponsoring institution. The slope of the contract curve depends on the bargaining level because the budg...

We study the interaction between nonprice public rationing and prices in the private market. Under a limited budget, the public supplier uses a rationing policy. A private firm may supply the good to those consumers who are rationed by the public system. Consumers have different amounts of wealth, and costs of providing the good to them vary. We consider two regimes. First, the public supplier ...

This paper discusses the problem of the optimal determination of budget deficit limits in cases where the fiscal authority wishes to keep the budget deficit close to a reference value. It is assumed that the fiscal authority minimizes the expected discounted value of squared deviations from the reference value. Lump-sum and proportional intervention costs are considered. This paper is also an e...

A substantial literature exists on the economic analysis of bureaucracy, which includes both the Niskanen (1971) and Dunleavy (1991) theories of bureaucratic behaviour. However, comparatively little effort has been expended on assessing the empirical validity of this theoretical literature. Economic models of bureaucracu yield testable predictions in terms of either allocative or productive eff...