Proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 1 (IL-1), mediate the joint destruction that characterizes rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Previous studies have shown that parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is a member of the cascade of proinflammatory cytokines induced in parenchymal organs during lethal endotoxemia. To test the hypothesis that NH2-terminal...

PTHrP (parathyroid hormone-related protein) is crucial for normal cartilage development and long bone growth and acts to delay chondrocyte hypertrophy and terminal differentiation in the growth plate. After growth plate closure adult HACs (human articular chondrocytes) still produce PTHrP, suggesting a possible role for this factor in the permanent articular cartilage. However, the expression r...

10.1152/ajpheart.00925. 2001.-Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is expressed throughout the cardiovascular system and is able to dilate vessels. This study investigated whether mechanical forces generated by changes in regional perfusion influence PTHrP release from the coronary vascular bed. Experiments were performed in vitro on saline-perfused rat hearts or isolated coronary endoth...

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is a secreted factor expressed in almost all normal fetal and adult tissues. It is involved in a wide range of developmental and physiological processes, including serum calcium regulation. PTHrP is also associated with the progression of skeletal metastases, and its dysregulated expression in advanced cancers causes malignancy-associated hypercalcemi...

This study is aimed at exploring the effect of stress stimulation on the proliferation and differentiation of fibrochondrocytes in entheses mediated via the Indian hedgehog (Ihh)/parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) signaling pathway. Differential stress stimulation on fibrochondrocytes in entheses was imposed. Gene expression and protein levels of signaling molecules including collagen ...

Tumor production of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHRP) is responsible for most cases of hypercalcemia of malignancy. The transplantable rat Leydig tumor H-500 is known to cause hypercalcemia in rats by the release of abundant PTHRP and to closely reproduce the human syndrome. We have demonstrated recently that Ras oncogene can stimulate PTHRP gene expression in Fr3T3 fibroblasts in vit...

Large amounts of calcium are transferred to offspring by milk. This demand results in negative calcium balance in lactating mothers and is associated with rapid bone loss. The mechanisms of bone loss during lactation are only partly understood. Several studies have suggested that parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) might be secreted into the circulation by the lactating mammary gland an...

We investigated the expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in atherosclerotic lesions and the role of PTHrP in the development of arterial neointima formation. Immunohistochemical staining of PTHrP in the neointima of rat aorta produced by balloon injury and of rat femoral artery produced by non-obstructive polyethylene cuff placement, and in the atherosclerotic lesion of hum...

Pancreatitis is a necroinflammatory disease with acute and chronic manifestations. Accumulated damage incurred during repeated bouts of acute pancreatitis (AP) can lead to chronic pancreatitis (CP). Pancreatic parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) levels are elevated in a mouse model of cerulein-induced AP. Here, we show elevated PTHrP levels in mouse models of pancreatitis induced by chr...

Unfortunately, a normal (or negative) concentration of parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) does not rule out the presence of malignancy. PTHrP is only one of a number of factors that tumors may secrete that can result in an elevated calcium concentration (e.g. interleukins, tumor necrosis factor, etc.). Thus even if the PTHrP concentration is within normal limits, malignancy may still b...