The electron transport chain (ETC) couples electron transfer between donors and acceptors with proton transport across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The resulting electrochemical proton gradient is used to generate chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Proton transfer is based on the activity of complex I-V proteins in the ETC. The overall electrical activity of these...

Introduction: Recently, an approach exploiting the proton therapy biological enhancement by using Boron atoms injected inside a tumor, has been proposed. Three alpha particles with an average energy around 4MeV are emitted from the point of reaction between a proton and boron. In addition, the 719 keV prompt gamma emitted by the proton Boron fusion reactions can be used for on-...

The absorption and scattering spectra of various human subjects show that the human body absorbs radiation in the 750-2000 nm range. The influence of NIR on various tissues has been reported in recent years. However, the molecular mechanisms of the interaction of radiation with tissues are not yet clear. Our earlier studies on bovine erythrocytes irradiated with NIR revealed structural changes ...

background blood transfusion is one of the many ways, through which toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii), a protozoan parasite, can be transmitted to humans. objectives this cross sectional study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of toxoplasma infection and related epidemiological features among healthy blood donors. materials and methods a total of 375 blood samples from donors were tested for spe...

The 1H and 15N NMR spectra of several 15N-labeled pyridoxal-5'-phosphate model systems have been measured at low temperature in various aprotic and protic solvents of different polarity, i.e., dichloromethane-d2, acetonitrile-d3, tetrahydrofuran-d8, freon mixture CDF3/CDClF2, and methanol. In particular, the 15N-labeled 5'-triisopropyl-silyl ether of N-(pyridoxylidene)-tolylamine (1a), N-(pyrid...

The characterization of competent intermediates metal complexes, involved in catalytic transformations for the activation small molecules, is an important target mechanistic comprehension and catalyst design. Iron complexes deserve particular attention, due to rich chemistry iron that allows their application both oxidation reduction processes. In particular, with tetradentate Schiff base ligan...