Although significant variations in the metabolic profiles exist among different cells, little is understood in terms of genetic regulations of such cell type-specific metabolic phenotypes and nutrient requirements. While many cancer cells depend on exogenous glutamine for survival to justify the therapeutic targeting of glutamine metabolism, the mechanisms of glutamine dependence and likely res...

mgm. per cent 0 0 0 0 0 0 ++++ Filtered yeast extract (1/100)............ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ Autoclaved yeast extract (1/100) .0 0 0 0 0 ++++ Glutamine (filtered) ..001 0 0 0 0 0 ++++ Glutamine (filtered) ....... .01 0t 4 O ++++ Glutamine (filtered)....... .1 ++ ++ ++ + + ++++ Glutamine (filtered)....... 1 ++++++++++++ ++++++++++ Glutamine (filtered)....... 10 ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++++++...

Oxidative stress injury is one important factor in intestinal mucosal barrier damage. Expression of heat shock protein (HSP)70 is an endogenous mechanism by which living cells adapt to stress. This study was undertaken to investigate the protective effects of HSP70 on intestinal oxidative stress. Two hundred and forty broilers were injected intraperitoneally with HSP70 inducer l-(1)-glutamine o...

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . . 4 4 EVIDENCE FOR G U T MUCOSAL BARRIER DYSFUNCTION . . 4 4 CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF G U T MUCOSAL BARRIER DYSFUNCTION . . 46 GUT DERIVED SEPSIS: THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES. . . 41 NOVEL SUBSTRATES A N D G U T INTEGRITY . . 48 GLUTAMINE . . 48 Metabolism of glutamine . . 48 Glutamine and the gut mucosa . . 48 Glutamine and experimental disease models . . * 49 Glutamine supp...

1. During infusion of [5-15N]glutamine in patients with gastrointestinal cancer we unexpectedly observed a gradual decrease in time of the appearance rate (Ra) of glutamine in plasma. Here we investigate whether the failure to achieve a plateau isotopic enrichment in plasma is, among other factors, due to incomplete equilibration of the glutamine tracer with the large intramuscular free glutami...

INTRODUCTION Low plasma glutamine concentration at ICU admission is associated with unfavorable outcomes. The prediction of plasma glutamine concentration after ICU discharge on outcomes has not been characterized. In the recent Scandinavian Glutamine Trial, a survival advantage was seen with glutamine supplementation as long as patients stayed in the ICU. It was therefore hypothesized that the...

Intravenous glutamine supplementation is standard care when parenteral nutrition is given for critical illness. There are data of a reduced mortality when glutamine supplementation is given. In addition, standard commercial products for parenteral nutrition do not contain any glutamine due to glutamine instability in aqueous solutions. For the majority of critical ill patients who are fed enter...

PURPOSE Green tea (GT), widely studied for its beneficial properties in protecting against brain ischemia, is a rich source of polyphenols, particularly (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The results presented here demonstrate the beneficial effects of GT in diabetic retinas and in retinal cells under diabetic conditions. METHODS Diabetes was induced in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)...

Axonal degeneration is an important determinant of progressive neurological disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). Thus, therapeutic approaches promoting neuroprotection could aid the treatment of progressive MS. Here, we used what we believe is a novel water-soluble fullerene derivative (ABS-75) attached to an NMDA receptor antagonist, which combines antioxidant and anti-excitotoxic properties...