An advanced inverse Case 2 water algorithm for the retrieval of concentrations of colour producing agents (CPAs) from satellite ocean colour data is applied to the Skagerrak region in the North-eastern part of the North Sea. A set of the CPAs’ specific inherent optical properties (SIOPs) was developed for this area. Sensitivity tests show that the algorithm’s retrieval accuracy of the chlorophy...

With rising sea levels and environmental problems caused by population and economic pressures colliding at the world's coastlines, there are huge risks to people and the environment, but also opportunities to restore natural defences and help both. Michael Gross reports.

In this study, a new position control scheme for the tendon-sheath mechanism (TSM) which is used in flexible medical devices is presented. TSM is widely used in dexterous robotic applications because it can flexibly work in limited space, in constrained environments, and provides efficient power transmission from the external actuator to the distal joint. However, nonlinearities from friction a...

M. H. Jung,* A. Alsmadi, H. C. Kim, Yunkyu Bang, K. H. Ahn, K. Umeo, A. H. Lacerda, H. Nakotte, H. C. Ri, and T. Takabatake National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA Department of Physics, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA Material Science Laboratory, Korea Basic Science Institute, Taejeon 305-333, Kor...

Thermodynamic sorption models (TSMs) offer the potential to improve the incorporation of sorption in environmental modelling of contaminant migration. One specific application is safety cases for radioactive waste repositories, in which radionuclide sorption on mineral surfaces is usually described using distribution coefficients (Kd values). TSMs can be utilised to provide a scientific basis f...

The traditional Vector Space Model (VSM) is not able to represent both the structure and the content of XML documents. This paper introduces a novel method of representing XML documents in a Tensor Space Model (TSM) and then utilizing it for clustering. Empirical analysis shows that the proposed method is scalable for large-sized datasets; as well, the factorized matrices produced from the prop...

Life in engineering colleges and schools will be different in 2010 and beyond. While we have been responsive to, and the subject of, events and forces requiring change in the past, it appears that now a variety of factors will truly change the way that engineering education is carried in the United States in the future (cf. The Engineer of 2020: Visions of Engineering in the New Century and Ret...

M. Braden, M. Meven, W. Reichardt, L. Pintschovius, M. T. Fernandez-Diaz, G. Heger, F. Nakamura, and T. Fujita Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, IFP, Postfach 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, C.E.A./C.N.R.S., F-91191-Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France Institut für Kristallographie, RWTH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany Institut Laue Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France De...