Times of crisis and prosperity may be the most defining moments of leadership and therefore one of the most important contexts in which to study leadership processes. In the present research we explored linguistic patterns of cognitive complexity, social representations and social coordination of Mao Zedong speeches during different socio-historical contexts, namely times of prosperity and cris...

We test for the long-term impact of experiencing “prosperity in youth” (PIY) on nontraditional category consumption. Using unique twenty-year panel data of individuals from nine Chinese provinces with varying levels of per-capita GDP and rates of per-capita GDP growth, we find robust evidence for the PIY effect. We find both a direct effect of one’s own prosperity and an indirect effect of the ...

We provide an account of how Protestantism promoted economic prosperity in China—a country Weber ruled out for the development of Protestantism and capitalism. Using prefectural-level data from 1840-1920, a period when China was forced to open up to the West and experienced an early phase of capitalist development, we exploit the outcome of the Boxer Uprising to identify the causal effect of th...

Let Γ be a simple graph of size m and degree sequence δ1 ≥ δ2 ≥ · · · ≥ δn. Let L(Γ) denotes the line graph of Γ. The aim of this paper is to study mathematical properties of the alliance number, a(L(Γ), and the global alliance number, γa(L(Γ)), of the line graph of a simple graph. We show that ⌈

Wheat is a commodity of great social and economic importance, equal to rice as a global food security crop. The proposal for CRP 3.1, WHEAT, argues convincingly for a collaborative international research effort to achieve sustainable wheat production systems and improve access to and affordability of wheat as a major food for poor consumers while reversing environmental degradation. To this end...

Worship forms the basis of beliefs that guide human life. In this way, they sprinkled paddy and worshipped deity so intended action would result in good deeds. When souls heroic deaths on battlefield emerged as a creative power well destructive power, monumental stone by sacrificing toddy to gain lamb protect themselves from destruction. There was also belief one could get what wanted worshippi...