an alternative for decreasing risk for knowledge workers is effective & optimized work break.major performance criteria in r&d; based organization is successful projects. selection of opproporiate members can be a most effect on the projects achievement. but as the selection of r&d; special members lead to decrease of risk, repeatative participation of this people in the same project lead to kn...

Accurate estimating is one of the most important activities in the field of software project management. Different aspects of software projects must be estimated among which time and effort are of significant importance to efficient project planning. Due to complexity of software projects and lack of information at the early stages of project, reliable effort estimation is a challenging issue. ...

Time-cost trade-off is one of the most important subjects in project management and of interest to contractors. The goal of time-cost trade-off is sensivity analysis of project costs to changes in activity duration in order to obtain the best combination of activity duration decrease, in a way that the sum of project costs is minimized. In the heuristics presented in this area, time crashing is...

In this paper, we consider scheduling of project networks under minimization of total weighted resource tardiness penalty costs. In this problem, we assume constrained resources are renewable and limited to very costly machines and tools which are also used in other projects and are not accessible in all periods of time of a project. In other words, there is a dictated ready date as well as a d...

Time-cost trade-off is one of the most important subjects in project management and of interest to contractors. The goal of time-cost trade-off is sensivity analysis of project costs to changes in activity duration in order to obtain the best combination of activity duration decrease, in a way that the sum of project costs is minimized. In the heuristics presented in this area, time crashing is...

resource constraints project scheduling problem (rspsp) seeks proper sequence of implementation of project activities in a way that the precedence relations and different type of resource constraints are met concurrently. rcpsp tends to optimize some measurement function as make-span, cost of implementation, number of tardy tasks and etc. as rcpsp is assumed as an np-hard problem so, different ...

This paper investigates the problem of selecting and scheduling a set of projects among available projects. Each project consists of several tasks and to perform each one some resource is required. The objective is to maximize total benefit. The paper constructs a mathematical formulation in form of mixed integer linear programming model. Three effective metaheuristics in form of the imperialis...

in this paper an efficient three- stage algorithm is developed for software production cost and time estimation. first stage includes a hybrid model composed of cocomo and function points methods to increase estimation accuracy. second stage encompasses paired comparisons matrix of analytical hierarchy process to determine amount of any resources consumed in each step of software production by ...

Formation of effective teams of experts has played a crucial role in successful projects especially in social networks. In this paper, a new particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed for solving a team formation optimization problem by minimizing the communication cost among experts. The proposed algorithm is called by improved particle optimization with new swap operator (IPSONSO...

In project scheduling, many problems can arise when resource fluctuations are beyond acceptable limits. To overcome this, mathematical techniques have been developed for leveling resources. However, these produce a hard and inflexible approach in scheduling projects. The authors propose a simple resource leveling approach that can be used in scheduling projects with multi-mode execution activit...