BACKGROUND Primary dysmenorrhea, or painful menstruation in the absence of pelvic pathology, is a common, and often debilitating, gynecological condition that affects between 45 and 95% of menstruating women. Despite the high prevalence, dysmenorrhea is often poorly treated, and even disregarded, by health professionals, pain researchers, and the women themselves, who may accept it as a normal ...

without any organic pathology.[3] The onset of primary dysmenorrhea is usually at or shortly after menarche, when ovulatory cycles are established. Women with primary dysmenorrhea have a greater endometrial production of prostaglandins compared with asymptomatic women.[4] Primary dysmenorrhea is an important clinical cause in young girls for work absenteeism, thus having negative effect on QoL....

background: there are two types of primary dysmenorrhea (spasmodic and congestive) which differ from each other in terms of the time of menstrual cycle outbreak, pain quality and other symptoms. the present study aimed to determine the effect of acupressure at the sanyinjiao point (sp-6) on severity of menstrual symptoms (primary outcome) and the duration of resting time as well as the number o...

Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological disorder in Background: young women and is seen in almost 50% of women. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between physical activity and nutrition with primary dysmenorrhea in students at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (Sari, Iran) in 2015. This comparative descriptive study was conducted on 250 students Metho...

Dysmenorrhea, originally Greek, is explained in the literature as in the following: Dys means difficult, painful or abnormal, meno means month and rrhea means flow or discharge [1]. Clinically, it refers to pain during menstruation severe enough to prevent daily activities and to require taking analgesics [2]. Briefly, it means painful periods. One of the most important gynaecological complaint...

OBJECTIVE To compare the therapeutic effect of acupuncture and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy in primary dysmenorrhea patients. STUDY DESIGN Thirty-five young women with a diagnosis of primary dysmenorrhea were recruited for the study. Their dysmenorrhea severity was rated by visual analog scale (VAS) immediately prior to entry into the study. They were randomly divided ...