introduction: agriculture as one of old sectors of economy has been important role in the supply food for peoples and raw materials. globalization causes rapid growth of world trade and reduces information and communications costs. globalization and rapid growth of trade increases the potential benefits of trade for agriculture from various aspects. the potential benefits of trade for agricultu...

the effects of cutting subsidy on broiler production in kerman province were investigated after privitization. in this regard a random sample of 32 poultry farms in kerman were chosen and the farmers were interviewed. the unit- output - price profit function model was used to determine the supply and demand elasticity of broider products. the results show that the profit of poultry farms increa...

We introduce a measure of elasticity of stochastic demand, called the elasticity of the lost-sales rate, which offers a unifying perspective on the well-known newsvendor with pricing problem. This new concept provides a framework to characterize structural results for coordinated and uncoordinated pricing and inventory strategies. Concavity and submodularity of the profit function, as well as s...

In this journal, Seldon (1986) recently criticized the arc elasticity concept as it is commonly taught in the principles course. In doing so, he resurrected the Lerner (1933a) measure of elasticity, which is based upon the lower values of price and quantity in a price change rather than the average values used in the traditional measure (i.e., the midpoint formula). Seldon argued that the Lerne...

price is one of the four elements of marketing mix. one of the important decisions any business faces is select pricing strategies that can be effective in achieving company goals. pricing methods are generally divided into cost-based and value-based methods. considering that the marginal cost of information goods is zero, the pricing methods of these goods is value-based. in this study, mtn ir...

Policymakers in countries around the world are faced with rising health care costs and are debating ways to reform health care to reduce expenditures. Estimates of price elasticity of expenditure are a key component for predicting expenditures under alternative policies. Using unique individual-level data compiled from administrative records from the Chilean private health insurance market, I e...

-In this paper, an attempt has been made to establish a market mechanism for primary and secondary frequency regulation services in the restructured power system environment. The concept of elasticity of offer price and elasticity of offer quantity has been proposed. Such a design of offer structure helps the providers to respond to the system requirements based on the market price variations i...

W study three determinants of the levels of price and detailing effort across geographic markets: the withinmarket response to each variable, the nature of interfirm strategic interactions both within that market and across markets. We empirically examine the interactions of Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil across the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Italy. Our results indicate ...