We consider the point indentation of a pressurized, spherical elastic shell. Previously it was shown that such shells wrinkle once the indentation reaches a threshold value. Here, we study the behaviour of this system beyond the onset of instability. We show that rather than simply approaching the classical “mirror-buckled” shape, the wrinkled shell approaches a new, universal shape that reflec...

We study the buckling of pressurized spherical shells by Monte Carlo simulations in which detailed balance is explicitly broken---thereby driving shell to be active, out thermal equilibrium. Such a typically has either higher (active) or lower (sedate) fluctuations compared one equilibrium depending on how broken. show that, for same set elastic parameters, that not buckled can if turned active...

Thick shells have attracted much attention in recent years as intelligent and functional graded materials because of their unique properties. In this review paper, some critical issues and problems in the development of thick shells made from Functionally graded piezoelectric material (FGPM) are discussed. This review has been conducted on various types of methods which are available for thick ...