BACKGROUND Endometritis is a common problem in a broodmare practice, often leading to infertility. The diagnosis is based on several methods such as cytology, bacteriology and histopathology; however the outcome of these methods may be inconclusive even when used together. The objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the usefulness of acute phase proteins as an additional diagnostic to...

Vitamin E, a fat-soluble vitamin, is recognized as an essential nutrient shown to affect equine immune response (Baalsrud and Øvernes, 1986). Few studies have been conducted to examine vitamin E status in the equine beyond those that established the levels in the blood (Schweigert and Gottwald, 1999). Serum vitamin E concentrations are reported to range from 1.6-7.5 μg/ml in normal horses (Butl...

Pregnant Anglo-Arab and Thoroughbred mares (n = 24) were divided randomly according to age and breed into 4 groups of 6 mares each from approximately 6 weeks before their expected foaling date. Diets received by the 4 groups varied in essential amino-acid and total protein contents. Serum progestagen, FSH and LH concentrations were determined from the day of parturition until foal heat and duri...

OBJECTIVE An experiment was conducted to study the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 5'-untranslated regions (5'-UTR) of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) genes and the serum eCG levels. METHODS SNPs in 5'-UTR of eCG genes were screened across 10 horse breeds, including 7 Chinese indigenous breeds and 3 imported breeds using iPLEX chemistry, and the associati...

BACKGROUND Secretion of histotroph during the prolonged pre-implantation phase in mares is crucial to pregnancy maintenance, manifested as increased embryonic loss in mares with age-related endometrial degeneration. Glycogen content of uterine histotroph is higher during the progesterone-dominated phase of the estrous cycle in mares, but regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. METHODS ...

The behavioral effects of the immunocontraceptive agent porcine zona pellucida (PZP) have not been adequately studied. Important managerial decisions for several species, including the wild horse (Equus caballus), have been based on this limited research. We studied 30 horses on Shackleford Banks, North Carolina, USA to determine the effects of PZP contraception on female fidelity to the harem ...

Fertility control in wild horses has been contraceptive effects for a second year, and the vaccine's attempted with both stallions and mares. Nonreversible effects are reversible after short-term use. surgical sterilization by means of vasectomy has been After 6 years of treating 52 different mares with successful in inhibiting reproduction in wild horses in porcine zonae pellucidae, contracept...

Abstract It is estimated that 17.3% of all pregnancies in the horse are lost from time detection to day 40, which has significant economic impact. But still, equine reproductive research limited funding opportunities. Understanding dynamics between embryo, endometrium, and corpus luteum (CL) essential ameliorate those losses. Pig embryonic interferon (IFN) gamma for establishment pregnancy. In ...