one of the most important predator-prey interactions is functional response which its type and parameters are affected by different factors including host plant characteristics. in this research, the influence of leaf surface on functional response and prey consumption rate of third instar larvae of the episyrphus balteatus (de geer, 1776) (diptera: syrphidae) to third instar nymphs of aphis go...

This article studies the effects of adaptive changes in predator and/or prey activities on the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey population dynamics. The model assumes the classical foraging-predation risk trade-offs: increased activity increases population growth rate, but it also increases mortality rate. The model considers three scenarios: prey only are adaptive, predators only are adaptive, and...

Model matematika yang merepresentasikan interaksi antara prey (mangsa) dan (pemangsa) dikenal dengan model prey-predator. Penelitian ini membahas dinamika prey-predator memuat fungsi respon Holling tipe III, dimana predator mencari mangsa lain ketika dimakannya mulai berkurang. Dinamika diamati menganalisis kestabilan sistem, yaitu sistem di sekitar titik ekuilibriumnya. Secara analitik terdapa...

The dynamics of the planar two-species Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model are well-understood. Onto such a predator-prey model, we introduce a third species, a scavenger of the prey. Our model allows for two scenarios, one where the scavenger is also a predator of the original prey, and one where the presence of the scavenger simply inhibits the prey. We show all trajectories are bounded in for...

Predation at the microbial level can affect the fate of toxic trace metals. Metals associated with bacterial prey can be released into the dissolved phase following digestion by a predator, and/or metals can remain in the predator and be transferred potentially to the next level of the food chain. Toxic metal ions in the aqueous phase also are expected to modify the growth and predation rate of...

A central question in evolutionary biology is how coevolutionary history between predator and prey influences their interactions. Contemporary global change and range expansion of exotic organisms impose a great challenge for prey species, which are increasingly exposed to invading non-native predators, with which they share no evolutionary history. Here, we complete a comprehensive survey of e...

Intraguild predation (IGP) is a combination of competition and predation which is the most basic system in food webs that contains three species where two species that are involved in a predator/prey relationship are also competing for a shared resource or prey. We formulate two intraguild predation (IGP: resource, IG prey and IG predator) models: one has generalist predator while the other one...

Foraging movements of predator play an important role in population dynamics of prey-predator interactions, which have been considered as mechanisms that contribute to spatial self-organization of prey and predator. In nature, there are many examples of prey-predator interactions where prey is immobile while predator disperses between patches non-randomly through different factors such as stimu...