Orographic clouds and precipitation are critical to the water cycle ecology of arid semiarid mountainous regions. This study intended investigate spatial seasonal distribution cloud path (CWP), amount, efficiency (PE) on Qilian Mountains (QM) northeastern Tibetan Plateau, as well related mechanisms linked with topographic vapor transport. To solve limitations rain gauges radar observations at h...

Abstract Proxy records of the oxygen isotope ratio 18O/16O past precipitation (δ18Op) have played an important role in revealing hydroclimatic changes, on basis global observed relationships between monthly δ18Op and both amount temperature only a few years as reported by Dansgaard 1964. It is therefore crucial to systematically re-evaluate using modern instrumental data. We analysed annual mea...

The supersaturatable self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SMEDDS) represents a new thermodynamically stable formulation approach wherein it is designed to contain a reduced amount of surfactant and a water-soluble polymer (precipitation inhibitor or supersaturated promoter) to prevent precipitation of the drug by generating and maintaining a supersaturated state in-vivo. The supersatur...

parameters such as future precipitation, temperature, snowfall, and runoff were modeled using precis regionalclimate modeling system in iran with the horizontal resolutions of 0.44×0.44°c in latitude and longitude under sresa2 and b2 scenarios. the dataset was based on hadam3p during the periods of 1961-1990 and 2071-2100. theoverall precipitation error of the model in the period of 1961-1990 w...

meteorological radars estimate the precipitation using a reflection-precipitation relation as z=arb with a, b coefficients. these coefficients will change from one precipitation to the other one. for the tehran radars they are considered as a=200 and b=1.6. these values are proper when we have moderate precipitations. this assumption causes an error in the estimation of different precipitation ...

The article proposes an approach to forecasting mean temperature and total precipitation for the upcoming month, based on study of regularities influence statistical characteristics previous periods them. Among predictors, along with basic characteristics, we use fractality index which is indicator randomness/ determinism climate series. Within framework this approach, have developed models dif...

Intensification of the global hydrological cycle with atmospheric warming is expected to increase interannual variation in precipitation amount and the frequency of extreme precipitation events. Although studies in grasslands have shown sensitivity of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) to both precipitation amount and event size, we lack equivalent knowledge for responses of belowgroun...