The primary objective of this article is to discuss a number of challenges @resented in terms of ‘guidelines’) that must be addressed in a pragmatic manner in order to transfer formal methods technology into the actual workplace and to ensure that formal methods are actually used on an industrial scale.

translator is also dealing with two different cultures at the same time. this particular aspect seems to have been taken into consideration by the second group of theorists who regard translation equivalence being essentially a transfer of the message from the sc to the tc and a pragmatic/ semantic or functionally oriented approach to translation . finally, there are other translation scholars ...

The present study investigated the effect of pragmatic eliciting tasks on EFL pre-intermediate learners speaking proficiency. Thus this study aimed at comparing the English language learners who practiced pragmatic eliciting tasks and the ones who used traditional speaking activities such as questions and answers, discussion, etc. In doing so, 40 learners out of 80 were selected through Oxford ...

Owing to the growing interest in communicative, cultural and pragmatic aspects of second language learning in recent years, the present study tried to investigate representations of pragmatic aspects of English as a foreign language in Iranian high school textbooks. Using Halliday’s (1978), and Searle’s (1976) models, different language functions and speech acts were specifically determined and...

interlanguage pragmatics (ilp) has witnessed a growing body of research in the past two decades. one of the under-explored domains of l2 pragmatics is the role of learning strategies specifically tailored for the development of ilp knowledge. therefore, this investigation aimed to determine the significant interlanguage pragmatic learning strategies (ipls) used by high vs. low l2 pragmatic achi...

introduction: children with pragmatic language impairment have problems with appropriate use of language according to age and context. assessment and intervention plans designed to be used with a pragmatically impaired child were discussed in this study. materials and methods: the primary method of data collection adopted in this study was observation method. accordingly, communicative partner ...

In this paper, we translate sentence generation from TAG grammars with semantic and pragmatic information into a planning problem by encoding the contribution of each word declaratively and explicitly. This allows us to tap into the recent performance improvements in off-the-shelf planners. It also opens up new perspectives on referring expression generation and the relationship between languag...

The present investigation sought to comparatively explore the effect of length of residence (LOR) as well as EFL instruction on the pragmatic competence of Iranian learners. The participants were 45 EFL learners in Iran and 45 learners in Canada selected based on snowball sampling and each group was divided into three sub-groups based on the years of learning English in an EFL or a natural sett...