BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is a key feature of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Here, we examined the role of elevated ICP in the pathophysiology of SAH, and we investigated whether decreasing ICP by performing decompressive craniectomy (DC) can improve outcome. METHODS SAH was induced in male C57BL/6 mice via endovascular Circle of Willis perforation in the fol...

Accumulating evidence suggests that activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor NF-κB exacerbates early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by provoking pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory cellular signaling. Here we evaluate the role of TGFβ-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), a critical regulator of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, in the early brain in...

Receptors for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) mediate the inflammatory reaction that follows aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) may function as a decoy receptor. The significance of this endogenous anti-inflammatory mechanism in subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) remains unknown. The present study aims to analyse sRAGE levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of SAH pat...

human beings have always experienced disasters. a disaster may be brief,but its psychological effects may last for many years. these psychological effects are increasingly well documented.disasters affect not only those immediately involved, but also those whoknow the victims. this is perhaps particularly so when the victims arechildren. commonly when adults hear news of disasters they ask firs...

neuropsychological approach tries to link behavior with brain functions. one of the structural changes and functional disorders that is, post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd). this impaired memory function, learning, emotional processing and cognitive and structural changes in the brain. various aspects of neuropsychological function have been reported to be abnormal in (ptsd); however, the maj...

BACKGROUND After a subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), continuing impairment is common and may impact the person's life. There is a lack of knowledge regarding long-term consequences experienced. PURPOSE To explore experiences of the care and rehabilitation as well as the consequences and strategies used to cope with everyday life six years post SAH. METHODS An explorative interview study with ...

BACKGROUND Cerebral vasospasm is a preventable cause of death and disability in patients who experience aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The aim of this study is to investigate the incidence of cerebral vasospasm following traumatic SAH and its relationship with different brain injuries and severity of trauma. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2006 to Marc...

The ideal therapy and neurocritical care for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) follows from an early and accurate diagnosis. However, approximately 30% of patients with SAH are misdiagnosed at their initial visit to a physician. This article explores the reasons for this alarming error rate: failure to understand the full spectrum of presentation of SAH and failure to know ...

Background: Pituitary insufficiencies after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) have been reported with very varying frequencies. The aim of this study was to describe the pituitary function in the acute phase after TBI and SAH in a cohort of adults and relate the results to injury variables. Methods: Adults admitted to the neurointensive care unit in our hospital af...

The problem of early differentiation of "traumatic tap" from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was studied in the rabbit by determining the changes in percentage of hemolysis and in lactate concentrations in CSF within the first twenty-four hours following induced SAH. The 0.3 to 7% hemolysis which occurred was relatively independent both of the time following SAH and of the number of red blood cel...