background chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is a multifactorial disease that can result in serious clinical complications. host genetic background especially the genes that encode immunologic factors like inf-γ and its receptor (ifn-γ r) are critical in the pathogenesis of infection. materials and methods genomic dna from peripheral blood samples of 200 chronically hbv infected patient...

We present evidence that the acoustic component of the strut display of male sage grouse Centrocercus urophasianus is highly directional and that the nature of this directionality is unique among measured vertebrates. Where vertebrate acoustic signals have been found to be directional, they are most intense anteriorly and are bilaterally symmetrical. Our results show that sage grouse acoustic r...

The main result is that for λ strong limit singular failing the continuum hypothesis (i.e. 2 > λ), a polarized partition theorem holds. § 0. Introduction In the present paper we show a polarized partition theorem for strong limit singular cardinals λ failing the continuum hypothesis. Let us recall the following definition. {jeden} Definition 0.1. For ordinal numbers α1, α2, β1, β2 and a cardina...

Correction In the July/August edition of Paediatric Nursing (16, 6, 36) author details for Linda Shields should have been included This is one of a series of short papers on aspects of research by Alison Twycross and Linda Shields A previous paper in this series explained some statistical terms and why carrying out statistical tests is important. It also highlighted some of the issues to consid...

Using the notion of Sξ-strictly singular operator introduced by Androulakis, Dodos, Sirotkin and Troitsky, we define an ordinal index on the subspace of strictly singular operators between two separable Banach spaces. In our main result, we provide a sufficient condition implying that this index is bounded by ω1. In particular, we apply this result to study operators on totally incomparable spa...

We introduce an ordinal index which measures the complexity of a weakly null sequence, and show that a construction due to J. Schreier can be iterated to produce for each α < ω1, a weakly null sequence (xαn)n in C ( ωω α ) with complexity α. As in the Schreier example each of these is a sequence of indicator functions which is a suppression-1 unconditional basic sequence. These sequences are us...

People mimic each other's actions and postures during everyday interactions. It is widely believed this mimicry acts as a social glue, leading to increased rapport. We present two studies using virtual reality to rigorously test this hypothesis. In Study 1, 50 participants interacted with two avatars who either mimicked their head and torso movements at a 1 or 3 second time delay or did not mim...

Ordinal time series analysis is a new approach to the qualitative investigation of long and complex time series. The idea behind it is to transform a given time series into a series of ordinal patterns each describing the order relations between the present and a fixed number of equidistant past values at a given time. Here we consider ordinal pattern distributions and some measures derived fro...

In 9] we introduced a formal framework for constructing ordinal similarity measures, and suggested how this might also be applied to cardinal measures. In this paper we will place this approach in a more general framework, called similarity metrics. In this framework, ordinal similarity metrics (where comparison returns a boolean value) can be combined with cardinal metrics (returning a numeric...