Porous, water-saturated geologic materials exposed to shock wave loading should undergo a gradual transition from a Terzaghi solid to a much stronger and stiffer material as the confining pressure increases over the range of about 0.2 GPa to about 2 GPa. This transition can thus be expected to become important in cases such as high explosive or nuclear cratering events in which ground shocks in...

volume estimation of most agricultural products using mathematical methods is not accurate because of their irregular shape. an alternative method is image processing, which can be used in continuous sorting machines. the objective of this study is to find a practical method for volume estimation of potatoes using image processing. fifty potatoes (marfona variety) were selected as experimental ...

T. Orr, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland The authors have presented an interesting paper concerning a fundamental problem for geotechnical engineers: the bearing capacity of circular foundations on sand. In this paper the authors have included an equation for the factor Na in the bearing capacity equation for circular foundations on the ground surface, which has been determined from the results ...