Multiple loop heat pipes which have two evaporators and two condensers in one loop are a kind of active heat transfer device. Since they have two evaporators and two condensers, the operating mode also becomes multiple. This work discusses the cases that multiple loop heat pipes were operated with one condenser at high temperature and the other at low temperature. To avoid the high temperature ...

Polyethylene pipes are widely used in the trickle irrigation system. The main objective of this research work is to determine friction factors for type pipes. A field study was carried out on two laterals each which about 240 m length. One line had 18.5 mm inside diameter, other consisted parts, first 21.5 diameter and 17 diameter. measured factor compared by corresponding given conventional fo...

We present a numerical code for calculating transient flow in plastic pipes, especially in the polyethylene pipe, to analysis water hammer phenomena. The set partial differential equations to be solved is obtained using conservation laws and behavior for the fluid and the pipe wall, associated with constitutive equations of the two media, and relationships compatibility of interfaces on velocit...

1.1 Materials: Diamino-polyethylene glycol with MW 2000 Da (PEG2000) was purchased from Rapp Polymer. (3-Glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GOPTS) was purchased from Fluka. EZ-Link NHSBiotin was purchased from Thermo Scientific. Hydrogen peroxide (30% solution), Acetone, Dichloromethane and N, N-Dimethylformamide were purchased from Merck. Imidazole and 2-[4-(2hydroxyethyl) piperazin-1-yl]ethane...

Active control of water losses is an essential strategy to increase the efficiency of urban water supply systems. This work deals with the early detection of leaks occurring in small-diameter service pipes of water distribution networks. Preliminary experiments were conducted in a test facility to assess the sensitivity of Acoustic Emission methods to leaking water flows. Acoustic Emission meas...