Popular upheavals and regional developments in the Islamic world began in 2011, which began with the uprising of the Tunisian people, and then spread to other countries in the Arab world, including Egypt, Bahrain and Yemen. Major changes in the periphery of Iran were considered. Which affects the national security of the various countries of the region, including Iran. This paper, by descripti...

Qajar kings were of Shi'ite religion and tried to stay loyal to the Shi'ite. Therefore, Shi'ite ulemas were reacting to Qajar kings’ socio-political changes. In fact, Shi'ite ulemas function regarding Qajar period events was due to their jurisprudence thoughts. Consequently, in this study Kashif al – Ghatta’s jurisprudence thought and political function regarding Fath Ali Shah Qajar was taken i...

In the present study, employing David Saunders's standpoints on political instability and its indicators, political instability at the period of Muhammad KhwarazmShah has been surveyed, based on two basic concepts of changes and challenges. The characteristics of political instability at the period mentioned have been identified in four categories of norm change, change of chief executive offic...