environmental impact assessment (eia) reports of projects in different development sectors in sudan (agriculture, roads and highways, power generation, oil production, river engineering projects) were analyzed to investigate how these studies corresponded with the local, regional, international and good practice requirements. the results of the analysis illustrated some variations in the practi...

The activities conducted on land surrounding the Chesapeake Bay directly affect pollution levels in the Bay, and they do so in complex and varied ways. Policy attention has been focused, for the most part, on modifying these activities within a particular land use category but not on wholesale changes in land use. For example, farmers are encouraged to use “best management practices” (BMPs) tha...

there is a number of models and strategies for improving the quality of care such as total quality management, continuous quality improvement and clinical governance. the policy of clinical governance is part of the governments overall strategy for monitoring, assuring and improving in the national health services organization. clinical governance has been introduced as a bridge between manager...

Development of urbanization and rise of cities and urbanism during the last decade have added new dimensions to urban issues and have led to increasing importance of monitoring, conduction of urban development and organization of towns and their surrounding regions. In the meantime, the procedures of favorable life management play the most important role in improvement of human habitats and sus...

we argue that the field of health policy and management (hpam) ought to confront the gap between theory, policy, and practice. although there are perennial efforts to reform healthcare systems, the conceptual barriers are considerable and reflect the theory-policy-practice gap. we highlight four dimensions of the gap: 1) the dominance of microeconomic thinking in health policy analysis and desi...