The axial distribution of energy deposited in bremsstrahlung conversion targets is modelled using the Monte Carlo N -Particle (MCNP) code. Systems comprising a disc-shaped target, segmented axially, and a point source of paraxial, monoenergetic electrons (2, 7, 10, or 14 MeV) are considered. Thick tantalum and aluminium targets and also tantalum targets of optimum thickness are modelled. Energy...

The thermodynamically stable (2 1), c(4 2) and c(6 2) surface structures were obtained under oxidative conditions on the SrTiO3(0 0 1) surface and studied with transmission electron microscopy. All three reconstructed surfaces exhibit similar morphological features––formation of flat h100i facets on the surface, stabilization of h110i originally polar facets as well as the existence of surface ...

We show that active, self-propelled particles that are connected together to form a single chain that is anchored at one end can produce the graceful beating motions of flagella. Changing the boundary condition from a clamp to a pivot at the anchor leads to steadily rotating tight coils. Strong noise in the system disrupts the regularity of the oscillations. We use a combination of detailed num...

This paper proposes a real-time method for the detection and elimination of brightness in color images. We use a 2D-histogram that allows us to relate the signals of luminance and saturation of a color image and to identify the specularities in a given area of the histogram. This is known as the MS diagram and it is constructed from a polar color model. We use a new connected vectorial filter b...

We experimentally demonstrate that spin dynamics and the phase diagram of spinor condensates can be conveniently tuned by a two-dimensional optical lattice. Spin population oscillations and a lattice-tuned separatrix in phase space are observed in every lattice where a substantial superfluid fraction exists. In a sufficiently deep lattice, we observe a phase transition from a longitudinal polar...

Using ab initio thermodynamics we compile a phase diagram for the surface of Fe3O4(001) as a function of temperature and oxygen pressures. A hitherto ignored polar termination with octahedral iron and oxygen forming a wavelike structure along the [110] direction is identified as the lowest energy configuration over a broad range of oxygen gas-phase conditions. This novel geometry is confirmed v...

V. Kocsis,1,2 Y. Tokunaga,2,3 S. Bordács,4,5 M. Kriener,2 A. Puri,6 U. Zeitler,6 Y. Taguchi,2 Y. Tokura,2,5,7 and I. Kézsmárki4 1MTA-BME Condensed Matter Research Group, Budafoki ut 8, 1111 Budapest, Hungary 2RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan 3Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan 4Department of Physic...

We have studied experimentally the interaction of isolated needle-like domains created in an array via local switching using a biased scanning probe microscope (SPM) tip and visualized via piezoelectric force microscopy (PFM) at the non-polar cuts of MgO-doped lithium niobate (MgOLN) crystals. It has been found that the domain interaction leads to the intermittent quasiperiodic and chaotic beha...

in the present work, a modified correlation is presented for the second virial coefficients of both polar and nonpolar fluids based on the corresponding states principle. the second virial coefficients of gaseous polar and non-polar compounds were calculated and compared with experimental data and with other correlations. comparisons with the existing correlations show that the present work is ...

A systematic, analytical method to obtain the charge density and surface potential in an N-polar GaN/AlGaN heterostructure is presented. This also provides wave functions, subband energies, band diagram. The model accounts for greater leakage of functions into spacer barrier layers structure as compared Ga-polar structure. framework based on solution Schrödinger–Poisson equations approximately ...