Linear DNA plasmids were found in the following yeasts: four strains of Kluyveromyces lactis, one of Debaryomyces hansenii, one of Wingea robertsiae and four of Pichia etchellsii. In each case, the plasmids were present as a pair of DNA molecules of different sizes. The plasmids of K. lactis strains were associated with a killer activity and their structure was similar to the known killer plasm...

By combining analytical theory and Molecular Dynamics simulations we study the relaxation dynamics of DNA circular plasmids that initially undergo a local twist perturbation.

Conjugative plasmids are key agents of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) that accelerate bacterial adaptation by vectoring ecologically important traits between strains and species. However, although many conjugative plasmids carry beneficial traits, all plasmids exert physiological costs-of-carriage on bacteria. The existence of conjugative plasmids, therefore, presents a paradox because non-bene...

Members of the spirochete genus Borrelia contain large numbers of extrachromosomal DNAs. Sequence analysis of the B. burgdorferi strain B31 genome indicated that its many plasmids contain large quantities of repeated sequences, the most obvious of which are the cp32 plasmid family. Individual spirochetes may carry nine or more different, but homologous, cp32 plasmids. Every other species of Bor...

There are 30 of bacterial samples were isolated from 45 different infections. These isolates diagnosed microscopically and by using biochemical tests. ability their resistance was tested against the following antibiotics: (amoxicillin, tetracycline, cephalexin, nitrofurantoin, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, ampicillin, rifampin), for detection sites genes encoding antibiotic , con...

introduction: unlimited self renewal and potential capacity of embryonic stem cells (escs) in differentiating into a wide variety of cell types has made the cells an attractive source of donor cells for developmental studies and cell therapy. the aim of the present study was the evaluation of the transfection efficiency of pires2-egfp and pcdna3-hbdnf-v5 plasmids in cce es cells by the electrop...

Twenty-six isolates of Clostridium perfringens of different MLST types from chickens with necrotic enteritis (NE) (15 netB-positive) or from healthy chickens (6 netB-positive, 5 netB-negative) were found to contain 1-4 large plasmids, with most netB-positive isolates containing 3 large and variably sized plasmids which were more numerous and larger than plasmids in netB-negative isolates. NetB ...

Bacteria display a variety of mechanisms to control plasmid conjugation. Among them, fertility inhibition (FI) systems prevent conjugation of co-resident plasmids within donor cells. Analysis of the mechanisms of inhibition between conjugative plasmids could provide new alternatives to fight antibiotic resistance dissemination. In this work, inhibition of conjugation of broad host range IncW pl...