This study was conducted to verify the effect of the ankle injury of athletes who attended the modern pentathlon for a long-term basis on ankle muscle's strength and proprioceptive sensory function. For this, 10 athletes of the modern pentathlon, with experience of having damaged one side of their ankles within 6 months, and 10 healthy male college students, who have similar personal characteri...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether age influences a change in the spasticity of the ankle plantar flexor after botulinum toxin type A (BTA) injection in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS Sixteen children with spastic CP were enrolled in the study. Seven children (group 1) were under 5 years of age, and nine (group 2) were over 5 years of age. They all received BTA injection in the...

Innovative technological advancements in the field of orthotics, such as portable powered orthotic systems, could create new treatment modalities to improve the functional out come of rehabilitation. In this article, we present a novel portable powered ankle-foot orthosis (PPAFO) to provide untethered assistance during gait. The PPAFO provides both plantar flexor and dorsiflexor torque assistan...

This report presents a case of stenosing tenosynovitis of the flexor hallucis longus tendon associated with the plantar capsular accessory ossicle at the interphalangeal joint of the great toe, which was confirmed by intraoperative observation and was successfully treated with surgical resection of the ossicle. As the plantar capsular accessory ossicle was not visible radiographically due to th...

There are significant changes in gait across the life span, but particularly after the age of 70 years. This article reviews the physiology of gait and the motor control challenges during gait. The kinematics (motion) and the kinetics (moment and power) of normal gait of a database of healthy young and older adults are compared. Older subjects generate significantly lower peak ankle plantar fle...

Hyperthermia (targeted core temperature: 38.5°C) reduces the time between gastrocnemius medialis stimulation and onset of plantar flexor force production in vivo. This reduction electromechanical delay is concomitant to an earlier motion muscle fascicle compared with thermoneutral environment. However, hyperthermia has no impact on duration transmission along aponeurosis tendon, thereby reflect...

This study investigated whether there are sex differences in the spinal excitability of the human mirror-neuron system. We measured the modulation of spinal excitability, elicited by Hoffmann reflex in the left plantar flexor muscle (soleus), when women and men participants observed videos of bipedal heel-stepping (plantar dorsiflexion), standing still, and bipedal toe-stepping (plantar flexion...

Objetivo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los valores morfométricos de tendones y ligamentos metatarso plantar en animales clínicamente sanos. Materiales métodos. 30 fueron utilizados a lo largo estudio, se evaluaron empezando desde el aspecto plantaromedial la región proximal hasta inserción las ramas suspensorio sesamoideos. Las variables estudiar cada estructura área transver...