The ability of aculeate Hymenoptera to utilize wetlands is poorly understood, and descriptions of their nests and developmental stages are largely absent. Here we present results based on our survey of hymenopterans using galls induced by Lipara spp. flies on common reed Phragmites australis in the years 2015-2016. We studied 20,704 galls, of which 9,446 were longitudinally cut and the brood fr...

This study was to determine whether Arthrobotrys flagrans, A. oligospora, and Meria coniospora would control the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne hapla on alfalfa and tomato. Alfalfa seeds were coated with a fungus-rye powder in 2% cellulose and were planted in infested soil. Three-week-old seedlings from seed treated with M. coniospora had 60% and 58% fewer galls in two experiments than did seed...

Abstract Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (Malpighiales: Caryocaraceae) is widely distributed in the Brazilian savanna and its fruits are used by humans for food, production of cosmetics, lubricants, pharmaceutical industry. This plant damaged galling insects. Number these insects their parasitoids was recorded, field (galls) laboratory (adults emerged from galls), three C. crown heights, during year...

BYERS J. A., BREWER J. W. & DENNA D. W. 1976. Plant growth hormones in pinyon insect galls. Marcellio 39, 125-134. Larvae of the midge Janetiella sp. near J. coloradensis Felt (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) cause galls at the base of young needles of pinyon Pinus edulis Engelm. Bioassays of extracts from these galls contained as much as 17 times more auxin activity and as much as 21 times more gibber...

Abstract Galls, neo-formed plant structures that can occur in different organs, are generated by species-specific interaction with an inducing organism. Inducers manipulate the metabolism of its host. Microgramma vacciniifolia (Langsd. & Fisch.) Copel. is a Neotropical epiphytic fern hosted two stem galls, one induced midge species (Diptera) and other micromoth (Lepidoptera). The aim this s...

The gall wasp genus Eschatocerus (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Eschatocerini), a cynipid genus of gall inducers on Prosopis and Acacia species (Fabaceae), endemic to southern South America, is revised. Complete descriptions of the external morphology of the genus and its three known species, illustrated with scanning electron photographs, are given for the first time, and an updated key for the iden...

Excised tomato roots were examined histologically for interactions of the fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus and Meloidogyne incognita race 1. Root galling and giant-cell formation were absent in tomato roots inoculated with nematode eggs infected with P. lilacinus. Few to no galls and no giant-cell formation were found in roots dipped in a spore suspension of P. lilacinus and inoculated with M. inc...

Received for publication 15 July 1985. t Nematologist, Istituto Nematologia Agraria, CNR, via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy. Nematologist, Servicio Agricola y Ganadero, Division Protection Agricola, Ministerio de Agricultura, Santiago, Chile. s Nematologist, Division of Plant Industry, P.O. Box 1969, Gainesville, FL 32602. cliophora arenaria Raski, Longidorus spp., Paratrichodorus spp., Tri...

A Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens) shoot culture system, initiated from shoot tip culture, was used to generate a source of host plant tissue for the rearing of the nematode Subanguina picridis, a biocontrol agent for Russian knapweed. Young shoots growing on solid B5G medium in petri dishes developed galls on leaves, petioles, and shoot tips 7 days after release of 50 nematodes onto the su...

background: dental caries is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases affecting humans of all ages. streptococcus mutans has an important role in the development of dental caries by acid production. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and biofi lm disinfective effects of the oak tree quercus infectoria galls against s. mutans. materials and methods: the bacterial st...