BACKGROUND To study chlorhexidine digluconate disinfectant effects on planktonic growth and biofilm formation in some bacterial field isolates from animals. OBJECTIVES The current study investigated chlorhexidine digluconate effects on planktonic growth and biofilm formation in some field isolates of veterinary bacterial pathogens. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty clinical isolates of Escherichi...

Mutualistic interactions in planktonic microbial communities have been extensively studied. However, our understanding on mutualistic communities consisting of co-existing planktonic cells and biofilms is limited. Here, we report a planktonic cells-biofilm mutualistic system established by the fermentative bacterium Escherichia coli and the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella onei...

The human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is capable of causing both acute and chronic infections. Differences in virulence are attributable to the mode of growth: bacteria growing planktonically cause acute infections, while bacteria growing in matrix-enclosed aggregates known as biofilms are associated with chronic, persistent infections. While the contribution of the planktonic and biofilm m...

Abstract The planktonic Oikopleura dioica belongs to Tunicata, the probable sister taxon Craniota, and might show plesiomorphic characters, conserved from common lineage of Tunicata Craniota. In O. a pericardium in position similar other chordates but also heart craniates is found. Surprisingly, little known about ultrastructure . Here, we based on electron microscopy that completely lined by s...

Whether taxometrics yields inferential knowledge to something latent is partly but not wholly a semantic question. Although the single variables are manifest indicator scores of individuals, the statistics computed from them via postulates of the formalism are not mere data summaries and will be incorrect or meaningless if the structural conjectures are false. The unidirectional derivability fr...

BACKGROUND A common perception is that DNA barcode datamatrices have limited phylogenetic signal due to the small number of characters available per taxon. However, another school of thought suggests that the massively increased taxon sampling afforded through the use of DNA barcodes may considerably increase the phylogenetic signal present in a datamatrix. Here I test this hypothesis using a l...

the gurpi formation, at the type section (nw of masjed-soleiman) and in sabze-kuh (sw of borujen) are lithologically subdivided into 8 and 11 units, respectively. the study of planktonic foraminifera resulted in recognition of 7 biozones in lali area and 4 biozones in sabzeh-kuh area. these biozones are compared to the most standard biozones defined in tethysian domain. biozones i (globotruncan...

objective: microorganisms are responsible for many problems in industry and medicine because of biofilm formation. therefore, this study was aimed to examine the effect of thymus vulgaris (t. vulgaris) extracts on the planktonic form and biofilm structures of six pathogenic bacteria. materials and methods: antimicrobial activities of the plant extracts against the planktonic form of the bacteri...