FSH is produced by the pituitary gonadotrope to regulate gametogenesis. Steroid hormones, including androgens, progestins, and glucocorticoids, have all been shown to stimulate expression of the FSH subunit in primary pituitary cells and rodent models. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of steroid induction of FSH has been difficult due to the heterogeneity of the anterior pituitary. Immort...

There is still much difficulty in elucidating the aetiological causes of dwarfism as it presents itself in children. After Erdheim in 1916 attributed dwarfism to a lack of pituitary secretion, it was for many years a common habit to implicate a pituitary deficiency in alJ dwarfs whatever their clinical features. A reaction to this unscientific approach was to be expected, and it has been so ext...

FSH is produced by the pituitary gonadotrope to regulate gametogenesis. Steroid hormones, including androgens, progestins, and glucocorticoids, have all been shown to stimulate expression of the FSHbeta subunit in primary pituitary cells and rodent models. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of steroid induction of FSHbeta has been difficult due to the heterogeneity of the anterior pituitary...

Metastatic cancer may be treated either by excision of endocrine glands (surgical deprivation) or administration of hormones (addition therapy). This article deals only with deprivation. Addition will only be considered as it directly affects deprivation and not as a method of therapy in its own right. The purpose of surgical deprivation is to terminate the production of the specific hormones e...

As the primary regulator of the endocrine system, the pituitary gland is the most important of the endocrine glands. The major glands of the endocrine system include the pituitary, thyroid, and parathyroid glands, and the pancreas, adrenal cortex, ovaries, and testes. The pituitary regulates the actions of most of these glands and many other body functions. It, in turn, is regulated by the hypo...

During the Islamic lunar month of Ramadan millions of Muslims abstain from drinking and eating from dawn to sunset. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of intermittent Islamic fasting on reproductive function, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and the peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones in men. We measured serum levels of FSH. LH, testosterone, prolactin, FSH, T4...

SUMMARY We studied the chronic effect of chemical gases on pituitary-gonad axis of victims of Iran and Irag war. The patients that their poisoning were higher than three years, selected. After clinical evaluation, and role out of systemic disease 168 victims were tested for testosterone, follicular stimulating hormone and leutinizing hormone. Comparison of results control group (n=200) and wi...

A 73-year-old woman was admitted due to weight loss and generalized malaise. The basal levels of all the anterior pituitary hormones, except for prolactin, were reduced. However, they were all elevated in response to exogenous hypothalamic hormones. After starting hydrocortisone replacement, the patient had polyuria of >5,000 mL/day. T1-weighted MRI depicted a low signal of an oval mass in the ...

Distribution of water and of Na+ and Clions in blood and in allantoic, amniotic, and yolk sac fluids were observed during ontogeny of the chick embryo. A possible osmoregulatory role for pituitary hormones was inferred from differences in ionic concentrations and volumes of these compartments in partially decapitated (hypophysectomized) embryos and in intact and windowed-control embryos observe...

Introduction: Clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) are a heterogeneous set of complex adenomas with a wide variety of immunohistochemical subtypes such as silent gonadotrope, null cell adenoma, silent corticotrope adenoma, and other silent tumors of somatotrope, thyrotrope, and lactotrope lineages. The diagnosis is established by hypothalamus-pituitary MRI, which gives the volum...