BACKGROUND Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is a strong predictor of myocardial infarction and stroke. METHODS AND RESULTS We compared the effects of pioglitazone-based therapy (45 mg/d) and glimepiride-based treatment (2.7+/-1.6 mg/d) for 12 and 24 weeks on metabolic control (HbA1c), insulin resistance (ho...

Katsiki and Mikhailidis (1) raise the possibility that reduced uric acid may have been a mechanism of the cardiovascular benefits of pioglitazone in the Insulin Resistance Intervention after Stroke (IRIS) trial. Unfortunately, we did not measure urate levels during the trial, so the question cannot be answered. One small trial suggestedmodest reductions in hyperuricemia from pioglitazone, on th...

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone on endothelial function, as assessed by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) nitroglycerine-induced dilatation (NID) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with insulin. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial involved 20 patients with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes. Patients received either pioglitazone 3...

INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most important cardiovascular risk factors. Insulin-resistance represents the common mechanism that leads to type 2 diabetes in obese subjects. Pioglitazone is an insulin-sensitizing agent available for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Large clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of pioglitazone in achieving metabolic control and red...

Insulin resistance is a condition in which insulin signaling and action are impaired in insulin sensitive tissues and results in hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our previous studies have shown that rosa damascena has antihyperglycemic effects on diabetic and normal rats. Therefore, we conducted a study to evaluate the effect of this medicinal plant on insulin sensiti...

BACKGROUND Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) improves insulin sensitivity by activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-g). We aimed to study any association between variation in bone biochemical markers and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in PPAR-γ (Pro12Ala) and investigate if these genetic variants affect bone turnover markers in Iranian diabetic population before and aft...

Background and aims: Insulin resistance is one of the metabolic complications of obesity in childhood. Metformin and pioglitazone are medications that have beneficial effects in improving insulin sensitivity via different mechanisms. The aim of this study was to comparing the effects of pioglitazone and metformin on reducing insulin resistance in 8 to 15 years old children with obesity. Methods...

INTRODUCTION Insulin sensitizing drugs such as pioglitazone are not uniformly treatment effective among individual type 2 diabetic patients. Here, the relationship of pioglitazone efficacy to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the adiponectin gene, a critical gene directly regulated by the drug, was examined in a cohort of Chinese Han type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS Eighty type 2 diab...

Insulin resistance and islet (beta and alpha) cell dysfunction are major pathophysiologic abnormalities in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Pioglitazone is a potent insulin sensitizer, improves pancreatic beta cell function and has been shown in several outcome trials to lower the risk of atherosclerotic and cardiovascular events. Glucagon-like peptide-1 deficiency/resistance contributes to isl...

Thiazolidinediones are insulin sensitizers – a class of antidiabetic drugs that reducing resistance, convincingly improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. In addition to glucose-reducing action, representative this pioglitazone studies demonstrates other pleiotropic effects associated decrease blood pressure, the level pro-inflammatory cytokines and prothrombotic factors, corr...