Firstand second-order reflection coefficients are presented for the small slope approximation. The first-order reflection coefficient is identical to the Kirchhoff, or physical optics, result, and the secondorder reflection coefficient reduces to those of perturbation theory and the Kirchhoff approximation in the appropriate limits. Numerical results are obtained for acoustic or TE-polarized el...

Outcome tests are a popular method for detecting bias in lending, hiring, and policing decisions. These tests operate by comparing the success rate of decisions across groups. For example, if loans made to minority applicants are observed to be repaid more often than loans made to whites, it suggests that only exceptionally qualified minorities are granted loans, indicating discrimination. Outc...

The adverse effects of salicylates upon the gastrointestinal tract of both man and experimental animals have been documented in numerous reports. These studies indicate that salicylate ingestion frequently causes various upper gastrointestinal symptoms (Caravati and Cosgrove, 1946; FreemontSmith, 1955; Muir and Cossar, 1955; Waterson, 1955; Lange, 1957b; Batterman, 1958; Muir and Cossar, 1959),...

abstract background and aims: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) is the most prevalent disorder in children. due to the importance of the disorder in children and its complications, this study aimed to assess the relation of the disorder with demographic factors in students of schools located in the hamadan city, west of iran. methods: in this study, 1000 students were selected thr...

A new metazoan, Skeemella clavula gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Middle Cambrian Pierson Cove Formation of the Drum Mountains, Utah, USA. Skeemella is similar to vetulicolians, but differs from other examples of this group in the relative proportions of the anterior and posterior sections, the large number of divisions, and the elongate bifid termination. The posterior section is arthr...

Prof. G. A. Brown Dr. J. B. Heywood M. A. Lutz Prof. R. S. Cooper J. L. Coggins C. A. McNary Prof. W. H. Heiser R. Dethlefsen R. P. Porter Prof. M. A. Hoffman K. R. Edwards S. Sacks Prof. W. D. Jackson J. W. Gadzuk C. V. Smith, Jr. Prof. J. L. Kerrebrock T. K. Gustafson A. Solbes Prof. J. E. McCune R. F. Keating R.J. Thome Prof. G. C. Oates R. W. King B. D. Wessler Prof. E. S. Pierson G. B. Kli...

In the course of conducting tra c stops, o cers have discretion to search motorists for drugs, weapons, and other contraband. There is concern that these search decisions are prone to racial bias, but it has proven di cult to rigorously assess claims of discrimination. Here we develop a new statistical method—the threshold test—to test for racial discrimination in motor vehicle searches. We use...