Physiological races of a fungal phytopathogen represent biotypes capable of attacking certain varieties of a susceptible host-species. Attempts to distinguish physiological races by other criteria have not yet been successful. On the other hand, strains of bacterial pathogens may often be identified using bacterial viruses (bacteriophage). Attempts to demonstrate a virus of a true fungus have n...

Abstract In the present work, evaluation of use Trichoderma spp. for controlling different phytopathogens agricultural importance ( Fusarium oxysporum , Rhizoctonia solani Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Botrytis cinerea Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Phytophthora sp.) was carried out. Confrontation assays by dual culture, volatile metabolites (overlapping plate assay), diffusible (poison medium a...

A series of diaryl amines, ethers and thioethers were synthesized under microwave irradiation efficiently at presence of KF/Al2O3 in 83%-96% yields without any solvent. The salient characters of this method lie in short reaction time, high yields, general applicability to substrates and simple workup procedure. At the same time, their antifungal biological activities against six phytopathogen w...

The aim of this work was to study the co-composting process of the solid phase of the digestate (PSD) obtained from the anaerobic digestion of pig slurry, with agricultural and agro-food wastes, such as wheat straw (WS), vine shoot pruning (VP), pepper plant pruning (PP) and exhausted grape marc (EGM), as well as the final added-value properties of the composts obtained. All the composting mixt...

Production of virulence factors and secondary metabolites is regulated in the phytopathogen Erwinia carotovora by quorum sensing involving N-acylated homoserine lactone (AHL) signaling molecules. Non-hydrolyzable AHL analogues were synthesized and screened in vivo. The biological activity of each compound was correlated with its ability to bind Erwinia AHL receptor proteins (LuxR homologues) in...

Bacteria use conjugation systems, a subfamily of the type IV secretion systems, to transfer DNA to recipient cells. Despite 50 years of research, the architecture and mechanism of action of the channel mediating DNA transfer across the bacterial cell envelope remains obscure. By use of a sensitive, quantifiable assay termed transfer DNA immunoprecipitation (TrIP), we identify contacts between a...

We provide a mechanism for the activity of pectin methylesterase (PME), the enzyme that catalyses the essential first step in bacterial invasion of plant tissues. The complexes formed in the crystal using specifically methylated pectins, together with kinetic measurements of directed mutants, provide clear insights at atomic resolution into the specificity and the processive action of the Erwin...