Background Pediatric nephrolithiasis is a condition the prevalence of which varies geographically with multiple etiologies. The aim of this study was to determine possible concomitant anatomic and metabolic disturbances in children with nephrolithiasis and to answer the questions regarding the role of each metabolic and anatomic abnormality. Materials and Methods Between 2007 and 2015, 1,080 pa...

congenital cutis laxa is an exceptional condition. no large scale pedigree has been reported from iran. we report a family with 106 members with two members affected with cutis laxa. our cases were two patients (male and female) with pre- and postnatal growth retardation, cutis laxa, characteristic facies and other manifestations which proved that they were affected with cutis laxa. their famil...

female fertility begins to decline many years prior to the onset of menopause despite continued regular ovulatory cycles. age related infertility is due to oocyte abnormalities and decreased ovarian reserve. treatment of infertility when the cause is limited to decreased ovarian reserve is empirical at present except for oocyte donation. this mini review of the literature covers all available e...

introduction: many epidemiological studies have been conducted to determine the prevalence of the various types of the dental anomalies. the aim of the present study was determination of developmental and acquired dental anomalies in patients attending the faculty of dentistry in rasht, iran. materials and methods: in this retrospective cross-sectional study, 1224 digital panoramic ra-diographs...

rectovaginal fistula with atresia ani is a congenital condition that affects the anal opening and rectum by the formation of an abnormal connection between the rectum and vagina. this was diagnosed in a domestic short hair kitten. the presenting physical abnormalities included depression, dehydration, partial tail agenesis, anal atresia and a discharge of watery feces from the vaginal opening. ...

BACKGROUND Echocardiography is an investigation that is being used increasingly on the neonatal unit. There is some controversy as to whether this service can be provided safely and effectively by neonatologists or whether it should only be performed by paediatric cardiologists. AIMS To describe (a) the indications for an echocardiogram, (b) the yield and range of positive findings, (c) the r...

Rectovaginal fistula with atresia ani is a congenital condition that affects the anal opening and rectum by the formation of an abnormal connection between the rectum and vagina. This was diagnosed in a domestic short hair kitten. The presenting physical abnormalities included depression, dehydration, partial tail agenesis, anal atresia and a discharge of watery feces from the vaginal opening. ...

iniencephaly is a rare kind of neural tube defect that is classified into two types of iniencephaly apertus and iniencephaly clausus. this anomaly could be diagnosed prenatally by obstetric ultrasonography and terminated by therapeutic abortion; however, it could be undiagnosed until birth similar to our case due to the abnormal position of the fetus or lack of experience of the sonographer. du...