Avalanche photodiodes are widely used as practical detectors of single photons. Although conventional devices respond to one or more photons, they cannot resolve the number in the incident pulse or short time interval. However, such photon number resolving detectors are urgently needed for applications in quantum computing, communications and interferometry, as well as for extending the applica...

For reconstruction of the spatial structure and thicknesses of complex objects and materials, it is proposed to use multi-radiography with detection of X-ray or gamma-radiation by combined detector arrays of scintillator-photodiode type. Experimental studies have been carried out of the energy dependence of sensitivity of dual-energy inspection systems based on scintil-lators ZnSe(T e) and CsI(...

For reconstruction of the spatial structure and thicknesses of complex objects and materials, it is proposed to use multi-radiography with detection of X-ray or gamma-radiation by combined detector arrays of scintillator-photodiode type. Experimental studies have been carried out of the energy dependence of sensitivity of dual-energy inspection systems based on scintil-lators ZnSe(T e) and CsI(...

Ultra-fast liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector for simple and rapid determination of urea in body fluids of farm animals is described. Blood plasma, milk, and urine samples are treated with trichloroacetic acid and then centrifuged. Supernatants are derivatized at room temperature using p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde. Samples are separated using a ternary gradient of methanol in...

In the control system of a quantum gravimeter, optical signal containing phase information is weak and usually at nV level. This situation puts forward high requirements for measurement performance system. As coupling input component system, noise level preamplifier has dramatic influence on performance. this paper, current provided by photodiode. According to photodiode output characteristics,...

First images are presented from tests of a semi-insulating gallium arsenide X-ray imaging detector, flip-chip bonded to a current integrating CMOS readout chip. The detector is designed for applications in synchrotron X-ray imaging. The X-ray sensing part of the detector consists of a 150 mm thick GaAs photodiode containing an array of 92 100 pixels, each 150mm by 150 mm in size. Operating the ...

There is an increasing need for identifying the number of photons that is contained within a weak light pulse or time interval of a weak cw light field. A device capable of photon-number resolution would contribute both to fundamental research in the area of quantum optics and to more-or-less practical quantum communication systems, such as quantum key distribution schemes [1]. In the former ca...

In the moment of any given imaging task and thus over the lifetime of a detector, the deposition of certain amount of radiation dose in an electronic pixel element is inevitable. This radiation effect can give rise to a change of the pixel-element characteristics such as the leakage current of a photodiode and the threshold voltage of thin-film transistors (TFTs) [1], and which may consequently...