Observations on naturally occurring gaps in the axonal neurofilament array of cultured neurons have demonstrated that neurofilament polymers move along axons in a rapid, intermittent, and highly asynchronous manner. In contrast, studies on axonal neurofilaments using laser photobleaching have not detected movement. Here, we describe a modified photobleaching strategy that does permit the direct...

The number of fluorophores within a molecule complex can be revealed by single-molecule photobleaching imaging. A widely applied strategy to analyze intensity traces over time is the quantification of photobleaching step counts. However, several factors can limit and bias the detection of photobleaching steps, including noise, high numbers of fluorophores, and the possibility that several photo...

TiO(2) doping with N-rich melamine produced a stable, active and visible light sensitized nanocatalyst that showed a remarkable efficiency towards the photobleaching of a model compound - methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solution. The photobleaching followed a mixed reaction order kinetics with the distinctive induction and acceleration periods.

CDOM biogeochemical cycle is driven by several physical and biological processes such as river input, biogeneration and photobleaching that act as primary sinks and sources of CDOM. Watershed-derived allochthonous (WDA) and phytoplankton-derived autochthonous (PDA) CDOM were exposed to 9 days of natural solar radiation to assess the photobleaching response of different CDOM sources, using absor...

BACKGROUND Human APPL1 and APPL2 are homologous RAB5 effectors whose binding partners include a diverse set of transmembrane receptors, signaling proteins, and phosphoinositides. APPL proteins associate dynamically with endosomal membranes and are proposed to function in endosome-mediated signaling pathways linking the cell surface to the cell nucleus. APPL proteins contain an N-terminal Bin/Am...

Super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI) is a super-resolution microscopy technique that overcomes the diffraction limit by analyzing intensity fluctuations of statistically independent emitters in time series images. The final images are background-free and show confocality enhanced spatial resolution (super-resolution). Fluorophore photobleaching, however, key limitation for record...

The form and function of actin in the nucleus have been enigmatic for over 30 years. Recently actin has been assigned numerous functional roles in the nucleus, but its form remains a mystery. The intricate relationship between actin form and function in the cytoplasm implies that understanding the structural properties of nuclear actin is elementary to fully understanding its function. In this ...